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Solid Biofuels for Energy

Part of the Green Energy and Technology Book Series

Editors: Grammelis, Panagiotis

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84996-393-0

ISBN: 978-1-84996-392-3

Publisher: Springer London - Springer Journals

Jan 1, 2011

1 - 10 of 10 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Supply of Solid Biofuels: Potential Feedstocks, Cost and Sustainability Issues in EU27

Panoutsou, Calliope

Pages: 1 –20

[In 2006, the total biomass contribution to primary energy consumption in the European Union was 86.6 million tons oil equivalent (Mtoe). The main share of 66.4 Mtoe was provided by solid biomass, with the remainder provided by biogas, transport biofuels and renewable solid municipal waste [1]....
LitStream

Chapter 2European Standards for Fuel Specification and Classes of Solid Biofuels

Alakangas, Eija

Pages: 21 –41

[The technical committee developing the draft standard to describe all forms of solid biofuels within Europe (CEN/TC 335) has published 27 technical specifications for solid biofuels. The two most important are classification and specification (CEN/TS 14961) and quality assurance (CEN/TS 15234)....
LitStream

Chapter 3Biomass-Coal Cofiring: an Overview of Technical Issues

Baxter, Larry

Pages: 43 –73

[This investigation explores the reasons for and technical challenges associated with co-combustion of biomass and coal in boilers designed for coal (mainly pulverized coal) combustion. Biomass-coal co-combustion represents a near-term, low-risk, low-cost, sustainable, renewable energy option...
LitStream

Chapter 4Experiences on Co-firing Solid Recovered Fuels in the Coal Power Sector

Maier, Jörg; Gerhardt, Alexander; Dunnu, Gregory

Pages: 75 –94

[Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) are solid fuels prepared from high calorific fractions of non-hazardous waste materials intended to be fired in existing coal power plants and industrial furnaces (CEN/TC 343, Solid Recovered Fuels, 2003). In other frameworks, these types of fuels are referred to as...
LitStream

Chapter 5Biomass Combustion Characteristics and Implications for Renewable Energy

Lu, Hong; Baxter, Larry L.

Pages: 95 –121

[Unlike pulverized coal, biomass particles are neither small enough to neglect internal temperature gradients nor equant enough to model as spheres. Experimental and theoretical investigations indicate particle shape and size influence biomass particle dynamics, including essentially all aspects...
LitStream

Chapter 6Fluidized Bed Combustion of Solid Biomass for Electricity and/or Heat Generation

Grammelis, Panagiotis; Karampinis, Emmanouil; Nikolopoulos, Aristeidis

Pages: 123 –149

[Fluidised bed combustion (FBC) technology was developed in the 1970s in order to exploit the energy potential of high-sulphur coals in an environmentally acceptable way. The FBC technology was soon expanded for biomass and other low-grade fuels, which have typically large variations in fuel...
LitStream

Chapter 7Gasification Technology and Its Contribution to Deal with Global Warming

Pinto, Filomena; André, Rui; Costa, Paula; Carolino, Carlos; Lopes, Helena; Gulyurtlu, I.

Pages: 151 –175

[It is predictable that energy demand will greatly increase in years to come, due to the continuous growth of world population, together with the quest to improve living standards. CO2 emissions are hence expected to increase significantly. Gasification is a mature technology for energy...
LitStream

Chapter 8The Integration of Micro-CHP and Biofuels for Decentralized CHP Applications

Doukelis, Aggelos; Kakaras, Emmanouil

Pages: 177 –195

[Renewable micro-CHP systems are a combination of micro-CHP technology and renewable energy technology, such as biomass gasification systems or solar concentrators. The integration of renewable energy sources with micro-CHP allows for the development of sustainable energy systems with the...
LitStream

Chapter 9Ash Formation, Slagging and Fouling in Biomass Co-firing in Pulverised-fuel Boilers

Cieplik, M.K.; Fryda, L.E.; van de Kamp, W.L.; Kiel, J.H.A.

Pages: 197 –217

[This chapter gives an overview of the main ash formation and deposition mechanisms for various relevant biomass fuels, also in blends with selected coals, in pulverised-fuel (PF) boilers. The chapter is divided into three sections. In the first, a general outline of the ash formation mechanisms...
LitStream

Chapter 10Utilization of Biomass Ashes

Pels, J.R.; Sarabèr, A.J.

Pages: 219 –235

[Useful application of ashes produced in the thermal conversion of biomass can contribute to the green image of biomass as a source of sustainable energy. This chapter gives an overview of the different forms of ash utilization that exist or are being developed for biomass ashes. The first...

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