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Models for Tropical Climate Dynamics

Part of the Mathematics of Planet Earth Book Series (volume 3)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-17775-1

ISBN: 978-3-030-17774-4

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jul 4, 2019

1 - 10 of 12 Chapters

LitStream

The Governing Equations and Dry Dynamics

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 3 –22

[The equations of motion that govern atmospheric (and also oceanic) flows are based on the theory of fluid mechanics comprising the Euler and/or Navier Stokes equations which model conservation of mass, momentum, and energy [27, 11] of a Newtonian fluid such as air and water. The so-known...
LitStream

Moisture and Moist Thermodynamics

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 23 –39

[The most popular state variables that are used to define a thermodynamic system are the pressure, the temperature, and the composition. For our purpose, the atmospheric composition is divided into two main constituents: dry air, comprising nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc., and water in its...
LitStream

Observations of Tropical Climate Dynamics and Convectively Coupled Waves

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 41 –55

[The first evidence of equatorially trapped waves in observational records appeared in 1966 in the work of Yanai and Maruyama [294], at the same time as the theoretical work of Matsuno [187]. Yanai and Maruyama [294] found signals of wave-like motion with strong cross equatorial wind in US Navy...
LitStream

Introduction to Stochastic Processes, Markov Chains, and Monte Carlo Simulation

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 57 –71

[A major part of this book discusses the use of stochastic models for atmospheric convection, namely through the use of a stochastic model for CIN and a stochastic multicloud model which pertains to tracking the statistics of clouds of various types. These models rely on the theory of stochastic...
LitStream

Simple Models for Moist Gravity Waves

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 75 –98

[This chapter introduces the reader to basic simple ideas for convectively coupled wave models mostly in order to put the multicloud model, which will be discussed in Chapter 6, in the context of preceding theories. It explores some of the ideas that have been proposed in the literature and their...
LitStream

The Multicloud Model with Congestus Preconditioning

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 99 –115

[As we saw from the previous chapter, among all the theories mentioned so far, for convectively coupled waves, the stratiform instability seems to be the most promising one. However, it suffers from a major shortcoming that the linear instability is not self-sustained without the use of WISHE,...
LitStream

Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves in the Multicloud Model

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 117 –132

[As we saw in the previous chapter, the multicloud model exhibits a new kind of instability of moist gravity waves that are self-sustained, in the sense that these waves amplify naturally during nonlinear simulation without the need of an artifact such as WISHE; this wasn’t the case for the...
LitStream

Convective Momentum Transport and Upscale Interactions in the MJO

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 133 –162

[As already discussed, the tropical atmosphere harbours a scale hierarchy of convective wave disturbances that are often embedded in each other like Russian dolls, evolving on a wide spectrum of scales ranging from the individual cloud cell diameter to the size of planetary scale disturbances...
LitStream

Implementation of the Multicloud Model in an Aquaplanet Global Climate Model

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 163 –181

[Global climate and numerical weather prediction models (GCMs and NWPMs) simulate the atmospheric large-scale dynamical processes by solving the hydrostatic or non-hydrostatic primitive equations on a fixed grid with a horizontal mesh size of 25 km to 200 km. Atmospheric processes occurring at...
LitStream

Stochastic Birth and Death Models for Clouds

Khouider, Boualem

Pages: 185 –228

[As already been stressed out, atmospheric convection is the process through which warm and moist air parcels rise from the surface, condense liquid water, and form cumulus clouds. In the tropics, moist convection constitutes the main energy source for both local and large-scale circulations....

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