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Pacted Democracy in the Middle East

Part of the St Antony's Series Book Series

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99240-8

ISBN: 978-3-030-99239-2

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

May 18, 2022

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Chapter 1Locating the Inquiry

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 1 –11

[This chapter introduces the framework of the book. It justifies the topicality of exploring the nexus between Islam and democracy, and proposes a theory of pacted democratization that can apply to countries in the Middle East and beyond. It also describes the qualitative methodology of the work,...
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Chapter 2History, Secularism, and Islam

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 13 –54

[This chapter provides a rich historical context to the study of Islam and democracy. It interrogates Western notions of secularism and secularization, arguing against theories of modernization that impute the decline of religion as a precondition to democratic politics. It further demonstrates...
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Chapter 3A Theory of Pacted Democracy

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 55 –102

[This chapter introduces a rejuvenated theory of pacted democracy. It returns to early writings on democratization inspired by the Third Wave, and investigates the rationalist thinking that might compel opposing political elites in a context of post-revolutionary struggle to compromise rather...
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Chapter 4Tunisia: Development and State Formation

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 103 –149

[This chapter lays out the first part of the initial case of Tunisia, which represents a case of successfully pacted (though not consolidated) democracy. It provides the historical context necessary to rebut shallow hypotheses claiming that Tunisians crafted a post-revolutionary democracy after...
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Chapter 5Tunisian Pacting and Islamist–Secularist Compromise

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 151 –205

[This chapter unpacks the political crises and pacting process that typified the Tunisian experience during 2011–2014, after the Jasmine Revolution deposed the regime of Ben ‘Ali. It traces how the return of the Islamist Ennahda movement collided with counterclaims to political power made by...
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Chapter 6Egypt as Case of Failed Pacting

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 207 –262

[This chapter discusses the contrasting case of Egypt, which shows the consequences of failed pacting. It argues through historical analysis that Egypt’s structural conditions differed from Tunisia. The Egyptian military evolved through the post-colonial period to become a mammoth institution,...
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Chapter 7Conclusion

Alaoui, Hicham

Pages: 263 –286

[This concluding chapter summarizes the book’s core contributions and findings. It reviews why pacting succeeded in Tunisia but failed in Egypt, emphasizing again that pacting can emerge as a viable solution to religious conflicts when polarization, parity, and normative diversity force competing...

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