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Bayesian Natural Language Semantics and Pragmatics

Part of the Language, Cognition, and Mind Book Series (volume 2)

Editors: Zeevat, Henk; Schmitz, Hans-Christian

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17064-0

ISBN: 978-3-319-17063-3

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jun 20, 2015

1 - 10 of 10 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Perspectives on Bayesian Natural Language Semantics and Pragmatics

Zeevat, Henk

Pages: 1 –24

[Bayesian interpretation is a technique in signal processing and its application to natural language semantics and pragmatics (BNLSP from here on and BNLI if there is no particular emphasis on semantics and pragmatics) is basically an engineering decision. It is a cognitive science hypothesis...
LitStream

Chapter 2Causal Bayesian Networks, Signalling Games and Implicature of ‘More Than n’

Benz, Anton

Pages: 25 –42

[We use causal Bayesian networks for modelling experimental data on scalar implicatures of numerals modified by the comparative quantifier ‘more than’. The data are taken from the study of Cummins et al. (2012). They showed that subjects infer upper bounds for the true number...
LitStream

Chapter 3Measurement-Theoretic Foundations of Logic for Better Questions and Answers

Suzuki, Satoru

Pages: 43 –69

[Groenendijk and Stokhof (Varieties of formal semantics, 143–170, 1984) propose a version of partition-based semantics to analyse questions and answers. In order to compare the goodness of answers, they use qualitative orderings among answers. Groenendijk and Stokhof’s qualitative method is too...
LitStream

Chapter 4Conditionals, Conditional Probabilities, and Conditionalization

Kaufmann, Stefan

Pages: 71 –94

[Philosophers investigating the interpretation and use of conditional sentences have long been intrigued by the intuitive correspondence between the probability of a conditional ‘ifA, thenC’ and the conditional probability of C, given A. Attempts to account for this intuition within a general...
LitStream

Chapter 5On the Probabilistic Notion of Causality: Models and Metalanguages

Wurm, Christian

Pages: 95 –116

[We present some formal, interpreted languages, which are based on propositional logic, but have each a new connective with a semantics based on (conditional) probabilities, which is related to the notion of causality. The first one is well-known as meta-language of Bayesian networks; the other...
LitStream

Chapter 6Shannon Versus Chomsky: Brain Potentials and the Syntax-Semantics Distinction

Madsen, Mathias Winther

Pages: 117 –144

[The N400 and the P600 are two patterns of electrical brain potentials which can sometimes be found when people read or hear unexpected words. They have been widely claimed to be the neurological correlates of semantic and syntactic anomalies, respectively, but evidence accumulated over the last...
LitStream

Chapter 7Orthogonality and Presuppositions: A Bayesian Perspective

Jayez, Jacques

Pages: 145 –178

[This work focuses on the reasons why the projection properties of presuppositional elements are not uniform. Presupposition projection designates the fact that operators that suspend the truth of a proposition have no effect on the presupposition it is associated with. For instance, with Paul...
LitStream

Chapter 8Layered Meanings and Bayesian Argumentation: The Case of Exclusives

Winterstein, Grégoire

Pages: 179 –200

[This work deals with the notion of argumentation and the way it is treated in a Bayesian perspective on reasoning and natural language interpretation. I am especially interested in the way the linguistic structure of utterances affect the way they are interpreted. Specifically, I argue that the...
LitStream

Chapter 9Variations on a Bayesian Theme: Comparing Bayesian Models of Referential Reasoning

Qing, Ciyang; Franke, Michael

Pages: 201 –220

[Recent developments in Bayesian experimental pragmatics have received much attention. The Rational Speech Act (RSA) model formalizes core concepts of traditional pragmatic theories quantitatively and makes predictions that fit empirical data nicely. In this paper, we analyze the RSA model and...
LitStream

Chapter 10Towards a Probabilistic Semantics for Vague Adjectives

Sutton, Peter R.

Pages: 221 –246

[A way of modelling the meanings of vague terms directly in terms of the uncertainties they give rise to is explored. These uncertainties are modelled with a probabilistic, Bayesian version of situation semantics on which meaning is captured as the correlations between uses of words and the types...

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