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Tuberculosis in Adults and Children

Part of the SpringerBriefs in Public Health Book Series (volume 2)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19132-4

ISBN: 978-3-319-19131-7

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jul 18, 2015

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Chapter 1Epidemiology

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 1 –7

[This chapter will describe the pathogen which causes tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It will give an overview of the historical context, the molecular and clinical epidemiology of tuberculosis in adults and children globally and describes how other epidemics, such as HIV and diabetes,...
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Chapter 2Pathogenesis

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 9 –16

[In this section the different phases of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will be reviewed. Starting from transmission by inhalation, to the innate and adaptive immune response and the dual role of tuberculoma formation in walling off infection, but also providing an advantageous...
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Chapter 3Clinical Manifestations

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 17 –26

[In this chapter we will review the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis disease.]
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Chapter 4Diagnosis

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 27 –37

[At the turn of the century, it was widely recognized that an accurate point-of care test for TB was required to make significant reductions in the pandemic. At this time, many novel tests had been developed by research groups or small biotech companies, but had never been standardized or...
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Chapter 5Treatment

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 39 –49

[In this chapter the treatment of drug sensitive and drug resistant TB and timing of antiretroviral treatment for HIV infected patients will be reviewed. Emphasis is placed on results of recent trials of fluoroquinolones for treatment shortening of drug sensitive TB. The use of two relatively...
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Chapter 6Prevention

Heemskerk, Dorothee; Caws, Maxine; Marais, Ben; Farrar, Jeremy

Pages: 51 –56

[Prevention is the key to stop transmission of TB. It consists of early diagnosis and treatment of active TB to stop infectiousness, the prevention of active disease in exposed or known latently infected individuals and vaccination. Vaccination with the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is...

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