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Programming Machine Ethics

Part of the Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics Book Series (volume 26)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-29354-7

ISBN: 978-3-319-29353-0

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Feb 6, 2016

1 - 10 of 11 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Turing, Functionalism, and Emergence

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 1 –4

[This chapter addresses the relevance of the ground breaking work of Alan Turing to justify our functionalism stance regarding the modeling of morality. Turing first defined the algorithmic limits of computability, via an effective well-specified mechanism, and showed the generality of his...
LitStream

The Individual Realm of Machine Ethics: A Survey

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 7 –18

[In this chapter, a survey of research in machine ethics is presented, providing the context and the motivation for our investigations. The survey concerns the individualIndividual realm of machine ethics, whereas the background to other realm, the collective one, is broached in Chap. 9, namely...
LitStream

Significant Moral Facets Amenable to Logic Programming

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 19 –28

[This chapter reports on our literature study in moral philosophy and psychology for choosing conceptual viewpoints close to LP-based reasoning. These viewpoints fall into three moral facets tackled in this book. First, we study moral permissibility, taking into account the Doctrines of Double...
LitStream

Representing Morality in Logic Programming

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 29 –45

[This chapter provides necessary background of Logic Programming (LP) used throughout this book, including semantics of Logic Programs (particularly the Stable Model and the Well-Founded Semantics). The subsequent part of this chapter briefly overview considered LP reasoning features: abduction,...
LitStream

Tabling in Abduction and Updating

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 47 –79

[In the individual realm part of this book, we are addressing the interplay amongst appropriate LP features to represent moral facets and to reason about them. One such interplay is between LP abduction and updating, both supported with tabling mechanisms. In this chapter, we propose novel...
LitStream

Counterfactuals in Logic Programming

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 81 –93

[Counterfactuals capture the process of reasoning about a past event that did not occur, namely what would have happened had this event occurred; or, vice-versa, to reason about an event that did occur but what if it had not. In this chapter, we innovatively make use of LP abduction and updating...
LitStream

Logic Programming Systems Affording Morality Experiments

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 95 –107

[In this chapter, we discuss how considered Logic Programming-based reasoning features are synthesized in three different systems: Acorda, Probabilistic EPA, and Qualm. Whereas the development of Qualm is a contribution of this book, Acorda and Probabilistic EPA are two existing systems that have...
LitStream

Modeling Morality Using Logic Programming

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 109 –137

[This chapter aims at realizing our conception about representing diverse moral facets in Logic Programming, by modeling several issues pertaining to those moral facets, using the three systems discussed in Chap. 7. The applicability of these systems corresponds with their relevance to the moral...
LitStream

Modeling Collective Morality via Evolutionary Game Theory

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 141 –157

[This chapter addresses the collective realm computationally, using Evolutionary Game Theory in populations of individuals, to report on norms and morality emergence. These populations, to start with, are not equipped with much cognitive capability, and simply act from a predetermined set of...
LitStream

Bridging Two Realms of Machine Ethics

Pereira, Luís Moniz; Saptawijaya, Ari

Pages: 159 –165

[Bridging capabilities between the two realms, to wit, the individual and collective, helps understand the emergent ethical behavior of agents in groups, and implements them not just in simulations, but in the world of future robots and their swarms. On the basis of preceding chapters, this...

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