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The Patent Medicines Industry in Georgian England

Part of the Medicine and Biomedical Sciences in Modern History Book Series

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69778-9

ISBN: 978-3-319-69777-2

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Dec 5, 2017

1 - 9 of 9 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Introduction

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 1 –24

[After introducing John Newbery and Dr. James’s Fever Powder, this chapter explains why Georgian patent medicines were panned by later generations as trivial exhibitions of quackery and so have not received the attention they deserve as a major component of Georgian healthcare. The provision of...
LitStream

Chapter 2The Status of Patent Medicines

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 25 –71

[Patent medicines had a status of their own that was distinct from both orthodox medicine and irregular practice. Branded proprietary medicines became visible in the seventeenth century, and medicine patenting started in the early eighteenth century. Several strands of evidence indicate that...
LitStream

Chapter 3Constructing the Industry

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 73 –118

[This chapter describes the owners and their products, and it puts forward two main points. One is that patent medicines were produced and traded as an industry which was organised, respectable, stable and profitable, with its own business practices. The other is that the ownership of these...
LitStream

Chapter 4Connecting the Country

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 119 –152

[Each medicine was transferred from a central source by a small number of wholesalers, predominantly a single one, and each wholesaler distributed a small range of specific medicines, not a variable mixture from a number of owners. Most national wholesaling was based in London, and the eight...
LitStream

Chapter 5Supplying the Consumer

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 153 –188

[Retailing was generally organised and consistent across the country, with a recognisable structure and established practices. The price of the medicines was fixed, national and often unchanged over decades. Any shopkeeper could sell medicines, but, for good reasons, newspaper printers and...
LitStream

Chapter 6Persuading the Poorly

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 189 –210

[In the unregulated Georgian healthcare, consumers had to weigh up carefully the verbal and printed advice they had received, and then make their own decisions on taking a patent medicine, which could be ineffective or dangerous. The printed word in repeated newspaper advertisements and in a...
LitStream

Chapter 7Utilising the Imagination as Therapy

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 211 –229

[Georgian physicians often recognised that a medical therapy, particularly a patent medicine, was more effective than the sum of its pharmaceutical constituents. In the language of the time, this benefit was produced by changes in the ‘imagination’ which in turn were influenced by the ‘passions’;...
LitStream

Chapter 8Harnessing the Potency of Print

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 231 –259

[The newspaper advertisements and other printed material achieved their two functions of enhancing sales and exploiting the imagination by increasing the consumer’s confidence, promoting familiarity and preserving a degree of mystery. Confidence in the medicines was generated predominantly by a...
LitStream

Chapter 9The Legacy of the Patent Medicines Industry

Mackintosh, Alan

Pages: 261 –274

[The exposure of the patent medicines industry requires a reappraisal of Georgian healthcare, with patent medicines positioned as a third force in the market, separate from both orthodox therapy and irregular practice. The history of the industry also provides legacies for scholars of the history...

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