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The Semantics of Gradability, Vagueness, and Scale Structure

Part of the Language, Cognition, and Mind Book Series (volume 4)

Editors: Castroviejo, Elena; McNally, Louise; Weidman Sassoon, Galit

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77791-7

ISBN: 978-3-319-77790-0

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jun 21, 2018

1 - 10 of 11 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1Gradability, Vagueness, and Scale Structure: From the Armchair to the Lab

Castroviejo, Elena; McNally, Louise; Sassoon, Galit W.

Pages: 1 –24

[In this chapter we present an overview of three main issues that have surrounded the study of gradable properties—vagueness, measurement, and dimensionality—and how they have been pursued from the perspectives of philosophy, linguistics, and psychology. We then provide a brief summary of each...
LitStream

Chapter 2Are Gaps Preferred to Gluts? A Closer Look at Borderline Contradictions

Égré, Paul; Zehr, Jérémy

Pages: 25 –58

[This paper examines the acceptance of so-called borderline contradictions involving vague adjectives. A close look at the available data from previous studies points toward a preference for “gappy” descriptions of the form “x is neither P nor not P” over “glutty” descriptions of the form “x is P...
LitStream

Chapter 3Multidimensionality, Subjectivity and Scales: Experimental Evidence

Solt, Stephanie

Pages: 59 –91

[This paper investigates the subjective interpretation of the comparative forms of certain gradable adjectives, exploring in particular the hypothesis put forward in several recent works that such ‘ordering subjectivity’ derives from the multidimensional nature of the adjectives in question....
LitStream

Chapter 4Online Processing of “Real” and “Fake”: The Cost of Being Too Strong

Schumacher, Petra B.; Brandt, Patrick; Weiland-Breckle, Hanna

Pages: 93 –111

[Strengthening literal meanings of linguistic expressions appears central to communicative success. Weakening on the other hand would appear not to be viable given that literal meaning already grossly underdetermines reality, let alone possibility. We discuss productive weakening in fake-type...
LitStream

Chapter 5Gradable Nouns as Concepts Without Prototypes

de Vries, Hanna

Pages: 113 –147

[Kamp and Partee’s (Cognition, 57:129–191, 1995) typology of concepts combines features from a classical theory of concepts with features from Prototype Theory. They argue for the existence of a class of concepts that have graded membership but lack prototypes; a crucial characteristic of such...
LitStream

Chapter 6Education as a Source of Vagueness in Criteria and Degree

Verheyen, Steven; Storms, Gert

Pages: 149 –167

[Individual differences in application are considered a hallmark of vague terms. When a term is truly vague there exists a range of applications that are considered permissible by competent users of the language. The divergence in application may be the result of indeterminacy with respect to the...
LitStream

Chapter 7Intensification, Gradability and Social Perception: The Case of totally

Beltrama, Andrea

Pages: 169 –197

[The notion of social meaning has been widely investigated in sociolinguistic research (Eckert, Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12(4):453–76, 2008); yet, it is rarely considered in experimental semantics, mainly due to the assumption that this type of meaning is relatively independent from the...
LitStream

Chapter 8Perceived Informativity and Referential Effects of Contrast in Adjectivally Modified NPs

Aparicio, Helena; Kennedy, Christopher; Xiang, Ming

Pages: 199 –220

[Referential Effects of Contrast (RECs) involving reference resolution of adjectivally modified NPs (e.g., the tall glass) have been attributed to pragmatic reasoning based on the informativity of modification (Sedivy et al. Cognition, 71(2):109–147, 1999; Sedivy, Journal of Psycholinguistic...
LitStream

Chapter 9Modified Fractions, Granularity and Scale Structure

Cummins, Chris

Pages: 221 –241

[Pragmatic enrichments arising from the use of modified fractions have been little studied, but offer interesting insights into the subtleties of scale structure and granularity. In this chapter I present some new experimental data on the interpretation of these expressions. I argue that these...
LitStream

Chapter 10Decomposition and Processing of Negative Adjectival Comparatives

Tucker, Daniel; Tomaszewicz, Barbara; Wellwood, Alexis

Pages: 243 –273

[Recent proposals in the semantics literature hold that the negative comparative less and negative adjectives like short in English are morphosyntactically complex, unlike their positive counterparts more and tall. For instance, the negative adjective short might decompose into little tall...

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