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Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Engineering of the Vascular System

Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Book Series (volume 1097)

Editors: Fu, Bingmei M.; Wright, Neil T.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96445-4

ISBN: 978-3-319-96444-7

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Oct 13, 2018

1 - 10 of 17 Chapters

LitStream

Chapter 1The Role of Endothelial Surface Glycocalyx in Mechanosensing and Transduction

Zeng, Ye; Zhang, X. Frank; Fu, Bingmei M.; Tarbell, John M.

Pages: 1 –27

[The endothelial cells (ECs) forming the inner wall of every blood vessel are constantly exposed to the mechanical forces generated by blood flow. The EC responses to these hemodynamic forces play a critical role in the homeostasis of the circulatory system. A variety of mechanosensors and...
LitStream

Chapter 2The Molecular Structure of the Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer (EGL) and Surface Layers (ESL) Modulation of Transvascular Exchange

Curry, Fitz-Roy E.

Pages: 29 –49

[There has been rapid progress over the past decade to extend the concept that a quasiperiodic inner endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL, <300 nm thick, with key components associated with the endothelial cell membrane) forms the primary molecular filter between circulating blood and the body...
LitStream

Chapter 3Role of the Glycocalyx as a Barrier to Leukocyte-Endothelium Adhesion

Lipowsky, Herbert H.

Pages: 51 –68

[Leukocyte (WBC) to endothelial cell (EC) adhesion is a receptor-mediated process governed by the avidity and affinity of selectins, which modulate adhesive forces during WBC rolling, and integrins, which determine the strength of firm adhesion. Adhesion receptors on the EC surface lie below an...
LitStream

Chapter 4Mechanobiology and Vascular Remodeling: From Membrane to Nucleus

Qi, Ying-Xin; Han, Yue; Jiang, Zong-Lai

Pages: 69 –82

[Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are constantly exposed to hemodynamic forces in vivo, including flow shear stress and cyclic stretch caused by the blood flow. Numerous researches revealed that during various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis,...
LitStream

Chapter 5Endothelial Nuclear Lamina in Mechanotransduction Under Shear Stress

Ji, Julie Y.

Pages: 83 –104

[Endothelial cells that line the lumen of blood vessels are at the interface between hemodynamic forces and vascular wall biology. Endothelial cells transduce mechanical and biological signals from blood flow into intracellular signaling cascades through a process called mechanotransduction....
LitStream

Chapter 6Regional Heterogeneity in the Regulation of Vasoconstriction in Arteries and Its Role in Vascular Mechanics

Murtada, Sae-Il; Humphrey, Jay D.

Pages: 105 –128

[Vasoconstriction and vasodilation play important roles in the circulatory system and can be regulated through different pathways that depend on myriad biomolecules. These different pathways reflect the various functions of smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractility within the different regions of...
LitStream

Chapter 7Microcalcifications, Their Genesis, Growth, and Biomechanical Stability in Fibrous Cap Rupture

Cardoso, Luis; Weinbaum, Sheldon

Pages: 129 –155

[For many decades, cardiovascular calcification has been considered as a passive process, accompanying atheroma progression, correlated with plaque burden, and apparently without a major role on plaque vulnerability. Clinical and pathological analyses have previously focused on the total amount...
LitStream

Chapter 8Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pathomechanics: Current Understanding and Future Directions

Kemmerling, Erica M. C.; Peattie, Robert A.

Pages: 157 –179

[Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are permanent, local expansions of the abdominal segment of the aorta that can potentially be fatal if progressing to rupture. AAAs are rarely found in patients under age 60, but are more common in older age groups, occurring in 2–3% of the whole population....
LitStream

Chapter 9Vascular Intervention: From Angioplasty to Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold

Du, Fengyi; Zhou, Jiangbing

Pages: 181 –189

[Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Clinically, CAD can be potentially managed through surgical artery bypass. However, due to the highly invasive nature, surgical intervention has been gradually replaced by percutaneous transluminal coronary...
LitStream

Chapter 10On the Physics Underlying Longitudinal Capillary Recruitment

Huyghe, Jacques M.

Pages: 191 –200

[Numerous researchers have found that capillary vessel haematocrit depends on the vasodilatory state of the arterioles. At rest, vessel haematocrit is down to 15 %, suggesting a red blood cell velocity three times higher than the plasma velocity. This finding is analysed in the context of present...

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