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The Dual Nature of Life

Part of the The Frontiers Collection Book Series

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30394-4

ISBN: 978-3-642-30393-7

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg - Springer Journals

Jul 25, 2012

1 - 10 of 27 Chapters

LitStream

Life on Earth

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 3 –18

[Currently, the Earth is the only stellar body known to contain life as we have defined it (see Fig. 1.1). Despite the fact that life on Earth is a unique phenomenon in our Solar System, it is very widespread and complexly diverse on this planet. It appeared at a definite stage during the Earth’s...
LitStream

Material Basis of Life

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 19 –35

[Living beings, as a part of nature, are derivatives of the developing material world. All biological processes, including those that constitute the existence of living beings, occur within the limits imposed by natural laws. Virtually all the elements of the periodic table have been found in...
LitStream

Origin and Development of Life

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 37 –43

[Life has already existed on Earth for 3.5 billion years—just one billion less than the Solar System itself has existed. The process of the origin and historical development of life on Earth is called phylogenesis. One of the main scientific hypotheses states that life originated from non-living...
LitStream

Discreteness, Order, Organization, and Integrity

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 45 –51

[Organisms consist of many components that are strictly ordered in time and space. The organized interactions of these components establish conditions for the integrity of life. In our view, discreteness and organization should be singled out in the first place as the fundamental qualities of...
LitStream

Living Systems

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 53 –56

[A system is a unified singularity which is composed of many interrelated elements that are substantively or conventionally selected. In this chapter we shall discuss biosystems, focusing specifically on the living bodies of cells and multicellular organisms. As previously stated, it should be...
LitStream

Life States

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 57 –62

[In compliance with the evolution of the Solar System, diverse geophysical conditions occur in different areas of our planet. Primarily, these areas differ in their temperatures and abundances of water.]
LitStream

A Mode and a Tool of Life

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 65 –71

[The notion of “life” is always associated with the presence of specific bodies. This is certainly true, since life cannot exist by itself without a carrier. Such carriers exist as various forms of bodies of many different types of organisms.]
LitStream

Cells and Organisms

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 73 –80

[We may define both individual cells and multicellular bodies as organisms, because we define an organism as a united, complex, and organized manifestation of life. Although both cells and multicellular bodies embody this definition of an organism, these systems are fundamentally different.]
LitStream

Reproduction and Individual Development

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 81 –93

[Reproduction is one of the main properties of living bodies, and is an obligatory condition for organismal life and for the continuous existence of different species. Species propagation is a constant process of reproduction, creating new generations of representatives from all types of...
LitStream

Evolution

Zhegunov, Gennadiy

Pages: 95 –111

[Adaptation is the phenomenon of organismal acclimation to the external world. As a result of the long concurrent development of the Earth and its life-forms, many very different habitats have appeared, each with its own unique set of inhabitants, underlying the general correspondence of specific...

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