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The Body as Object and Instrument of Knowledge

Part of the Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Book Series (volume 25)

Editors: Wolfe, Charles T.; Gal, Ofer

DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3686-5

ISBN: 978-90-481-3685-8

Publisher: Springer Netherlands - Springer Journals

Jan 1, 2010

1 - 10 of 16 Chapters

LitStream

Embodied Empiricism

Wolfe, Charles T.; Gal, Ofer

Pages: 1 –5

[It was in 1660s England, according to the received view, in the meetings of the Royal Society of London, that science acquired the form of empirical enquiry that we recognize as our own: an open, collaborative experimental practice, mediated by specially-designed instruments, supported by civil,...
LitStream

Victories for Empiricism, Failures for Theory: Medicine and Science in the Seventeenth Century

Cook, Harold J.

Pages: 9 –32

[For millennia, learned physicians tried to develop theoretical principles that would guide their therapeutic actions. The most enduring foundations were built on the discourse of the four elements, four qualities, four humours, six non-naturals, and the ways these combined to yield individual...
LitStream

Practical Experience in Anatomy

Klestinec, Cynthia

Pages: 33 –57

[Often flagged as an origin of empiricism, experience has a range of meanings in the context of early modern natural philosophy and medicine. It has been aligned with practical knowledge, knowledge of contingent effects, and the un-theorized perception of phenomena accessible to the senses. In...
LitStream

Early Modern Empiricism and the Discourse of the Senses

Salter, Alan

Pages: 59 –74

[The relationship between science and literary texts in the early seventeenth century has only rarely been examined by scholars yet it is of immense importance in explaining the achievement of scientists in the period. The emergence of a language of empiricism and its usage in genres as eclectic...
LitStream

Alkahest and Fire: Debating Matter, Chymistry, and Natural History at the Early Parisian Academy of Sciences

Boantza, Victor D.

Pages: 75 –92

[Samuel Cottereau Duclos (1598–1685) established the chymical research program at the newly inaugurated Parisian Academy of Sciences (est. 1666). While in the years following his election Duclos enjoyed an unmatched level of activity and influence among academicians, during the 1670s, his...
LitStream

John Locke and Helmontian Medicine

Anstey, Peter R.

Pages: 93 –117

[This paper examines the sources and nature of Locke’s medical thought. It is argued from a sampling of entries in Locke’s medical notebooks and his correspondence, that Locke was a chymical physician. His medical thought contains two interlocking strands: he was an adherent of mercurialist...
LitStream

Empiricism Without the Senses: How the Instrument Replaced the Eye

Gal, Ofer; Chen-Morris, Raz

Pages: 121 –147

[The optical instruments developed through the seventeenth century allowed peering into the very far and the very small; a spectacle never before experienced. The telescope, and later the microscope, was now expected to answer fundamental questions and resolve cosmological riddles by direct...
LitStream

Mastering the Appetites of Matter. Francis Bacon’s Sylva Sylvarum

Giglioni, Guido

Pages: 149 –167

[Francis Bacon’s Sylva Sylvarum (published posthumously in 1627) occupies a paradoxical place in the history of seventeenth-century medicine and natural philosophy. It is the work where Bacon expounded, at his clearest and best, in vernacular and not in Latin, his views on the material appetites...
LitStream

‘A Corporall Philosophy’: Language and ‘Body-Making’ in the Work of John Bulwer (1606–1656)

Smith, Justin E. H.

Pages: 169 –183

[Francis Bacon, in his 1605 work The Proficience and Advancement of Learning, analyzes “Notes of Cogitations” into “twoo sortes... [t]he one when the Note hath some Similitude, or Congruitie with the Notion; [t]he other... hauing force onely by Contract or Acception.” The latter are either...
LitStream

Memory and Empirical Information: Samuel Hartlib, John Beale and Robert Boyle

Yeo, Richard

Pages: 185 –210

[Robert Boyle and John Beale had connections with Samuel Hartlib and his correspondence circle. The position of these three figures can be taken as an ‘empirical’ one in the sense that they favoured ‘particulars’ over ‘systems’. But differences emerge if we consider their attitudes towards the...

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