Nature Reviews Physics

Journal Article

Bass, Steven D.; Doser, Michael

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

Quantum sensing uses properties of quantum mechanics to go beyond what is possible with traditional measurement techniques. In particle physics, key problems in which quantum sensing can have a vital role include neutrino properties, tests of fundamental symmetries (Lorentz invariance and the...

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Journal Article

Physical insights into non-fullerene organic photovoltaics

Wang, Jiayu; Xie, Yuan; Chen, Kai; Wu, Hongbin; Hodgkiss, Justin M.;

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

doi:10.1038/s42254-024-00719-y

Boosted by the fast development of non-fullerene acceptors, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have achieved breakthrough power conversion efficiencies — in excess of 20% and approaching those of state-of-the-art crystalline silicon photovoltaics. New physical properties, unusual phenomena and critical...

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Journal Article

Rigor with machine learning from field theory to the Poincaré conjecture

Gukov, Sergei; Halverson, James; Ruehle, Fabian

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

doi:10.1038/s42254-024-00709-0

Despite their successes, machine learning techniques are often stochastic, error-prone and blackbox. How could they then be used in fields such as theoretical physics and pure mathematics for which error-free results and deep understanding are a must? In this Perspective, we discuss techniques...

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Journal Article

Neural operators for accelerating scientific simulations and design

Azizzadenesheli, Kamyar; Kovachki, Nikola; Li, Zongyi; Liu-Schiaffini, Miguel; Kossaifi, Jean;

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

doi:10.1038/s42254-024-00712-5

Scientific discovery and engineering design are currently limited by the time and cost of physical experiments. Numerical simulations are an alternative approach but are usually intractable for complex real-world problems. Artificial intelligence promises a solution through fast data-driven...

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Journal Article

Fractionalized electrons in moiré materials

Morales-Durán, Nicolás; Shi, Jingtian; MacDonald, A. H.

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

doi:10.1038/s42254-024-00718-z

In the 1980s, the discovery of electron states that fractionalize in the presence of a time-reversal symmetry breaking magnetic field opened up new directions in condensed matter physics. In 2023, evidence has accumulated that a version of these states in which the time-reversal symmetry breaking...

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Journal Article

Orbital angular momentum lasers

Forbes, Andrew; Mkhumbuza, Light; Feng, Liang

2024 Nature Reviews Physics

doi:10.1038/s42254-024-00715-2

Light can be tailored to carry angular momentum well beyond the restriction of its two spin states, left- and right-circularly polarized light, by imbuing it with orbital angular momentum (OAM). OAM is controlled by imparting finer and finer azimuthal phase gradients, twisting the wavefront ever...

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Nature Reviews Physics

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