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A source book of Gestalt psychology.To V. Benussi.

A source book of Gestalt psychology.: To V. Benussi. K. Koffka replies to comments made by V. Benussi (1913/1914) on Kenkel's studies on α-movement and β-movement. In his studies of the Müller-Lyer and other illusory figures Kenkel found that with stroboscopic exposure objectively equal lines in these figures would be seen to expand and contract (α-movement) just as two similarly exposed objectively unequal lines will do (β-movement). Moreover it was found that the α- and β-movements were commensurable in the sense that they can be added (algebraically) to each other; also that the influences exerted by fixation, attention, length of observation period, etc., were the same for both; and, finally that with each the stages of succession, optimal movement, and simultaneity could be demonstrated. In the theoretical conclusion to this paper Kenkel argues that these results show the α- and β-movements to be functionally as well as descriptively the same. With this Benussi takes issue. It is the purpose of this paper to examine Benussi's theory and compare it with that which Kenkel's inquiry supports. (The complete version of this article appeared as "Zur Grundlegung der Wahrnehmungspsychologie. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit V. Benussi," Zeitschr. f. Psychol., 1915, 73, 11-90.) (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A source book of Gestalt psychology.To V. Benussi.

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Publisher
Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Company
Copyright
Copyright © 1938 American Psychological Association
Pages
371 –378
DOI
10.1037/11496-032
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

K. Koffka replies to comments made by V. Benussi (1913/1914) on Kenkel's studies on α-movement and β-movement. In his studies of the Müller-Lyer and other illusory figures Kenkel found that with stroboscopic exposure objectively equal lines in these figures would be seen to expand and contract (α-movement) just as two similarly exposed objectively unequal lines will do (β-movement). Moreover it was found that the α- and β-movements were commensurable in the sense that they can be added (algebraically) to each other; also that the influences exerted by fixation, attention, length of observation period, etc., were the same for both; and, finally that with each the stages of succession, optimal movement, and simultaneity could be demonstrated. In the theoretical conclusion to this paper Kenkel argues that these results show the α- and β-movements to be functionally as well as descriptively the same. With this Benussi takes issue. It is the purpose of this paper to examine Benussi's theory and compare it with that which Kenkel's inquiry supports. (The complete version of this article appeared as "Zur Grundlegung der Wahrnehmungspsychologie. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit V. Benussi," Zeitschr. f. Psychol., 1915, 73, 11-90.) (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Published: Aug 13, 2007

Keywords: Gestalt psychology; theory; alpha movement; beta movement

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