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Storage State Analysis and Extraction of Ethereum Blockchain Smart Contracts

Storage State Analysis and Extraction of Ethereum Blockchain Smart Contracts In migrating and upgrading an Ethereum smart contract, it is necessary to transfer both the code as well as the stored data. Various methods attempt to migrate or upgrade a smart contract, but they are mostly manual, error-prone, and applicable only before deployment. Further, they have challenges in extracting the storage state of complex mapping data structures along with their keys. In this work, we present Smartmuv as an automatic source-code-based static analysis tool to analyze and extract the state from the storage-trie of smart contracts. Based on the abstract syntax tree and the control flow graphs of the Solidity source code, the tool analyzes each state variable including mapping types along the inheritance hierarchy. It also provides the upgrade algorithm that initializes the extracted state in the constructor of new smart contract. Smartmuv safely approximates the origin of the keys used in the mapping to extract values and has been able to extract the mapping state of 23,673 smart contracts with 95.7% overall precision. Moreover, we also validate the Smartmuv’s extracted state with the third-party tool Etherscan. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) Association for Computing Machinery

Storage State Analysis and Extraction of Ethereum Blockchain Smart Contracts

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References (63)

Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
Copyright
Copyright © 2023 Association for Computing Machinery.
ISSN
1049-331X
eISSN
1557-7392
DOI
10.1145/3548683
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

In migrating and upgrading an Ethereum smart contract, it is necessary to transfer both the code as well as the stored data. Various methods attempt to migrate or upgrade a smart contract, but they are mostly manual, error-prone, and applicable only before deployment. Further, they have challenges in extracting the storage state of complex mapping data structures along with their keys. In this work, we present Smartmuv as an automatic source-code-based static analysis tool to analyze and extract the state from the storage-trie of smart contracts. Based on the abstract syntax tree and the control flow graphs of the Solidity source code, the tool analyzes each state variable including mapping types along the inheritance hierarchy. It also provides the upgrade algorithm that initializes the extracted state in the constructor of new smart contract. Smartmuv safely approximates the origin of the keys used in the mapping to extract values and has been able to extract the mapping state of 23,673 smart contracts with 95.7% overall precision. Moreover, we also validate the Smartmuv’s extracted state with the third-party tool Etherscan.

Journal

ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) – Association for Computing Machinery

Published: Apr 26, 2023

Keywords: Blockchain

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