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The Employment of International Soft Bilateral Instruments by the European Union in its External Relations Francesco Spera I. Introduction The European Union and its member states adopt international soft law and internal soft law instruments, and there also exists a link between the aim and the reason of international soft law and European soft law. In the wider context of EU’s external relations, the use of soft bilateral instruments has indeed always been part of the EU’s toolbox , and gained momentum in the various arrangements the European Union established with the countries in its European Neighbourhood Policy. In the past decades, ‘recourse to non- binding instruments in governing the relations of the European Union with the rest of the world is increasingly common’. The role of soft law in EU Researcher in European and International Law, Administrative Law and EU External Relations at Unisalento; Lawyer at Bari Bar Association. I would like to thank my anonymous reviewers for their precious feedback. Andrea Ott, ‘Informalization of EU Bilateral Instruments: Categorization, Contestation, and Challenges’ (2021) 39 Yearbook of European Law 569, 578. Ibid., 569. See in this field: Sara Poli, ‘The European Neighbourhood Policy: Differentiation without Political Conditionality?’ (2015) 18
Austrian Review of International and European Law Online – Brill
Published: Jul 12, 2022
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