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Tourism as a prerequisite for changing the national identity

Tourism as a prerequisite for changing the national identity ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 Acta Scientifica Naturalis Former Annual of Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen: Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Geography Journal homepage: https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/asn/asn-overview.xml Tsvetelina Metodieva Department of Security Systems Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bishop Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, 115 Universitetska Str., 9700 Shumen, Bulgaria Abstract: The report reveals the impact of tourism on changing national identity. The interaction between tourism and cultural identity as social phenomena is noted. Globalization as a prerequisite for cultural disorientation is examined. The concept of anthropotok, as a mass self-sustaining process of identity change, is examined. Keywords: tourism, national identity, anthropotok Introduction The history of mankind is inextricably linked with the incessant journey of huge masses of people from their birthplaces to other territories. Tourism can be considered as trips that people undertake with the aim of getting to know another linguistic, social and religious culture. It is considered that for a country, tourism is very important, and there are key benefits from it. Both tourism and cultural identity are social phenomena of increasing importance. Moreover, they focus on some of the most important changes and problems in the lifestyle of modern man. The increased "will to tourism", on the one hand, and the multiplying crises of national, regional and personal identity, on the other, are among the main features of our time. Both the one and the other are directly related to a common process - at their core is globalization [1]. Globalization can lead to cultural disorientation, and even to cultural degradation, to copying another culture without it being assimilated deeply and without fully adapting to it and forming a situation where an ethnic group finds itself between two cultures. The misunderstood globalization has a Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 contradictory effect on the development of the Bulgarian language. Without falling into the position of purism, we must note - sometimes justified, sometimes not - a massive influx of words from foreign languages, such as: "beneficiaries", "utilization", "shopping", etc. Observations Different national cultures enrich human civilization. They are not a coincidence, but phenomena that are the result of a thousand-year "work" of the history of a given nation. We must treat this millennial "work" of history with respect. We zealously strive to preserve endangered species of plants and animals, and at the same time, we are adamant about the leveling of national identity [2]. The change of identity is a long and irreversible process, the reason for which can be attributed to various changes in the social system, or the transformation of economic structures, active tourism, the spread of new religious teachings, assimilation processes, revolutionary upheavals, etc. As a result of such large-scale events in a country or region, there may be a voluntary or forced change of identity. In this case, of course, it is not only a matter of changing religious, ethnic, cultural or racial characteristics, but also of qualification characteristics. Multiple identities allow a person to fully express their individuality. It would be logical for globalization to contribute to the preferential formation of precisely this type of identity. Academician A. P. Tsygankov notes that understanding the specifics of national identity makes it possible to analyze the characteristics of state sovereignty, regional economic integration, national security, etc. No economic or military-political agreements can be effective if the participants do not perceive each other as bearers of certain traditions and values in the process of forming national identity. Observing the sharp change of historical circumstances for each country and for each epoch, and seeing that they differ, and the historical process itself, is actually a special kind of self-organization process that results in the multiplier effect of the interaction of many political actors and a million people, which have their own goals, and also pursue national ones. From this we should conclude that national identity can be static. We perceive it because the process of change extends over decades, centuries and even millennia. In the conditions of global transformations, this process is accelerating, and it will probably be felt, as the birth of a new global identity, which is divided into separate indicators of a specific national basis within each tradition, will be appreciated only as one of the latest meanings. Transformation of the concept of "state identity" is observed in cases where the characteristics of a state include an independent political, economic, cultural and social community of people, in fact, these are the factors that determine its integrity. The general characteristic of the group of countries is expressed in common signs of a typical identity, where the rights and freedoms of the citizens are present. In any system of international relations, the role of identity turns out to be the property of the state, in order to Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 preserve this identity, it is necessary to carry out a correct policy. Collective identity is observed when a country identifies with another state or community of peoples, then it is loyal to its allies, due to the risk of losing collective identity. It is expedient for a country's foreign policy and diplomacy to work in the direction of protecting its identity and national interests. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a strategy to protect the country's identity and national interests, but for this it is important that it is aware of its identity, this, in turn, will reflect the state's behavior on the international stage. The concept of anthropotok is used to describe phenomena related to the change in the composition of the population by means of their movement [3]. In the current stage of development, the anthropotok can be defined as a concept that complements the concept of identity. That is, any mass self-sustaining process of identity change should be called anthropotok: migration, decline/increase in birth rate, change of national identity, conversion to another religion, etc. Among the anthropotoks we can also include some mass movements in the social space, for example the increase or decrease of one or other social groups and strata. In order to use the concept of anthropotok, the following principles must be expressed: we consider that there is an anthropotok when there is a change of identity, an anthropotok can be called, only a socially significant displacement of identities. Such are the mass processes, for example, the emigration of large groups of people from their native places, in fact this phenomenon is common. It is believed that the anthropotok does not pass without a trace for anyone. They should not be associated only with loss of identity or with its change, on the contrary, anthropotoks should also be considered, and as a desire to preserve identity, it is such a dimension that recognizes the individual as the most valuable. To distinguish the types of anthropotocs, the following classification was made [3]: - Inflationary – this is anthropotok related to the movement (mass flight). The ultimate goal of reaching such an anthropotok, as a rule, there is no ordinary fate for those who find themselves in it and flow into other anthropotoks. - The singulating (convergent flow) – this anthropotok does not have a precise outline of the source, but it has a specific purpose (inflow to something). - Linear flow – this is a flow having a well-defined beginning and end. In this type of flow, a well- organized speed and motion is observed, it develops faster than inflationary and singulating flow. - Annular flow - it is closed in itself and is such an important anthropoflow, as the basic anthropoflow of reproduction (birth-death cycle). A fixed identity is assumed to be a natural comfortable state of man, and anthropotoks as processes (migration, adaptation, assimilation, change of residence, etc.) are frustrating and traumatic. However, Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 most of the known anthropotocs are autogenous: people willingly flow into them, despite their obvious drawbacks. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be noted that the mechanism for preserving the identity can be defined as a negative anthropotok, that is, as a measure of resistance to the started process of identity change. According to many experts, in the next 100-200 years, humanity will be in the process of a general demographic transition, at the end of which either the population of the planet will stabilize, or the era of soft, long and monotonous decline will begin. The reason for all this is the anthropotok, which is gradually becoming a subject of state administration. Currently, anthropological flows are spontaneous. As a result, disparities in regional labor markets increase, social tensions increase, human resources degrade and the capitalization of the territory decreases, conditions are created for spreading ideas of national intolerance and xenophobia among the population. Acknowledgement This article is published with the financial support of the National Program "Young scientists and postdoctoral fellows - 2". References [1] Koprinarov, B., International tourism and cultural identity in the context of globalization, Management and Education, 2013, IX, 60. [2] Mitko, Villaverde, The controversial impact of globalization on national identity, University of National and World Economy, Website: http://mitko.villaverde-bansko.com/Politologia/single- lesson-13-4.html. [3] https://bank.nauchniestati.ru/primery/nauchnaja-statja-na-temu-antropotok-ponjatie-priznaki-i-vidy/. Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Acta Scientifica Naturalis de Gruyter

Tourism as a prerequisite for changing the national identity

Metodieva, Tsvetelina
Acta Scientifica Naturalis , Volume 10 (1): 4 – Mar 1, 2023
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Publisher
de Gruyter
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© 2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo
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2367-5144
DOI
10.2478/asn-2023-0009
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Abstract

ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 Acta Scientifica Naturalis Former Annual of Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen: Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Geography Journal homepage: https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/asn/asn-overview.xml Tsvetelina Metodieva Department of Security Systems Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bishop Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, 115 Universitetska Str., 9700 Shumen, Bulgaria Abstract: The report reveals the impact of tourism on changing national identity. The interaction between tourism and cultural identity as social phenomena is noted. Globalization as a prerequisite for cultural disorientation is examined. The concept of anthropotok, as a mass self-sustaining process of identity change, is examined. Keywords: tourism, national identity, anthropotok Introduction The history of mankind is inextricably linked with the incessant journey of huge masses of people from their birthplaces to other territories. Tourism can be considered as trips that people undertake with the aim of getting to know another linguistic, social and religious culture. It is considered that for a country, tourism is very important, and there are key benefits from it. Both tourism and cultural identity are social phenomena of increasing importance. Moreover, they focus on some of the most important changes and problems in the lifestyle of modern man. The increased "will to tourism", on the one hand, and the multiplying crises of national, regional and personal identity, on the other, are among the main features of our time. Both the one and the other are directly related to a common process - at their core is globalization [1]. Globalization can lead to cultural disorientation, and even to cultural degradation, to copying another culture without it being assimilated deeply and without fully adapting to it and forming a situation where an ethnic group finds itself between two cultures. The misunderstood globalization has a Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 contradictory effect on the development of the Bulgarian language. Without falling into the position of purism, we must note - sometimes justified, sometimes not - a massive influx of words from foreign languages, such as: "beneficiaries", "utilization", "shopping", etc. Observations Different national cultures enrich human civilization. They are not a coincidence, but phenomena that are the result of a thousand-year "work" of the history of a given nation. We must treat this millennial "work" of history with respect. We zealously strive to preserve endangered species of plants and animals, and at the same time, we are adamant about the leveling of national identity [2]. The change of identity is a long and irreversible process, the reason for which can be attributed to various changes in the social system, or the transformation of economic structures, active tourism, the spread of new religious teachings, assimilation processes, revolutionary upheavals, etc. As a result of such large-scale events in a country or region, there may be a voluntary or forced change of identity. In this case, of course, it is not only a matter of changing religious, ethnic, cultural or racial characteristics, but also of qualification characteristics. Multiple identities allow a person to fully express their individuality. It would be logical for globalization to contribute to the preferential formation of precisely this type of identity. Academician A. P. Tsygankov notes that understanding the specifics of national identity makes it possible to analyze the characteristics of state sovereignty, regional economic integration, national security, etc. No economic or military-political agreements can be effective if the participants do not perceive each other as bearers of certain traditions and values in the process of forming national identity. Observing the sharp change of historical circumstances for each country and for each epoch, and seeing that they differ, and the historical process itself, is actually a special kind of self-organization process that results in the multiplier effect of the interaction of many political actors and a million people, which have their own goals, and also pursue national ones. From this we should conclude that national identity can be static. We perceive it because the process of change extends over decades, centuries and even millennia. In the conditions of global transformations, this process is accelerating, and it will probably be felt, as the birth of a new global identity, which is divided into separate indicators of a specific national basis within each tradition, will be appreciated only as one of the latest meanings. Transformation of the concept of "state identity" is observed in cases where the characteristics of a state include an independent political, economic, cultural and social community of people, in fact, these are the factors that determine its integrity. The general characteristic of the group of countries is expressed in common signs of a typical identity, where the rights and freedoms of the citizens are present. In any system of international relations, the role of identity turns out to be the property of the state, in order to Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 preserve this identity, it is necessary to carry out a correct policy. Collective identity is observed when a country identifies with another state or community of peoples, then it is loyal to its allies, due to the risk of losing collective identity. It is expedient for a country's foreign policy and diplomacy to work in the direction of protecting its identity and national interests. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a strategy to protect the country's identity and national interests, but for this it is important that it is aware of its identity, this, in turn, will reflect the state's behavior on the international stage. The concept of anthropotok is used to describe phenomena related to the change in the composition of the population by means of their movement [3]. In the current stage of development, the anthropotok can be defined as a concept that complements the concept of identity. That is, any mass self-sustaining process of identity change should be called anthropotok: migration, decline/increase in birth rate, change of national identity, conversion to another religion, etc. Among the anthropotoks we can also include some mass movements in the social space, for example the increase or decrease of one or other social groups and strata. In order to use the concept of anthropotok, the following principles must be expressed: we consider that there is an anthropotok when there is a change of identity, an anthropotok can be called, only a socially significant displacement of identities. Such are the mass processes, for example, the emigration of large groups of people from their native places, in fact this phenomenon is common. It is believed that the anthropotok does not pass without a trace for anyone. They should not be associated only with loss of identity or with its change, on the contrary, anthropotoks should also be considered, and as a desire to preserve identity, it is such a dimension that recognizes the individual as the most valuable. To distinguish the types of anthropotocs, the following classification was made [3]: - Inflationary – this is anthropotok related to the movement (mass flight). The ultimate goal of reaching such an anthropotok, as a rule, there is no ordinary fate for those who find themselves in it and flow into other anthropotoks. - The singulating (convergent flow) – this anthropotok does not have a precise outline of the source, but it has a specific purpose (inflow to something). - Linear flow – this is a flow having a well-defined beginning and end. In this type of flow, a well- organized speed and motion is observed, it develops faster than inflationary and singulating flow. - Annular flow - it is closed in itself and is such an important anthropoflow, as the basic anthropoflow of reproduction (birth-death cycle). A fixed identity is assumed to be a natural comfortable state of man, and anthropotoks as processes (migration, adaptation, assimilation, change of residence, etc.) are frustrating and traumatic. However, Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License ASN, Vol. 10, No 1, Pages 97–100, 2023 most of the known anthropotocs are autogenous: people willingly flow into them, despite their obvious drawbacks. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be noted that the mechanism for preserving the identity can be defined as a negative anthropotok, that is, as a measure of resistance to the started process of identity change. According to many experts, in the next 100-200 years, humanity will be in the process of a general demographic transition, at the end of which either the population of the planet will stabilize, or the era of soft, long and monotonous decline will begin. The reason for all this is the anthropotok, which is gradually becoming a subject of state administration. Currently, anthropological flows are spontaneous. As a result, disparities in regional labor markets increase, social tensions increase, human resources degrade and the capitalization of the territory decreases, conditions are created for spreading ideas of national intolerance and xenophobia among the population. Acknowledgement This article is published with the financial support of the National Program "Young scientists and postdoctoral fellows - 2". References [1] Koprinarov, B., International tourism and cultural identity in the context of globalization, Management and Education, 2013, IX, 60. [2] Mitko, Villaverde, The controversial impact of globalization on national identity, University of National and World Economy, Website: http://mitko.villaverde-bansko.com/Politologia/single- lesson-13-4.html. [3] https://bank.nauchniestati.ru/primery/nauchnaja-statja-na-temu-antropotok-ponjatie-priznaki-i-vidy/. Corresponding author: ts.metodieva@shu.bg Full Paper DOI: 10.2478/asn-2023-0009 ©2023 Tsvetelina Metodieva, published by Sciendo This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Public License

Journal

Acta Scientifica Naturalis – de Gruyter

Published: Mar 1, 2023

Keywords: tourism; national identity; anthropotok

There are no references for this article.