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Expertise, Social Influence, and Knowledge Aggregation in Distributed Information Processing

Expertise, Social Influence, and Knowledge Aggregation in Distributed Information Processing In many social, cyber-physical, and socio-technical systems, a group of autonomous peers can encounter a knowledge aggregation problem, requiring them to organise themselves, without a centralised authority, as a distributed information processing unit (DIP). In this article, we specify and implement a new algorithm for knowledge aggregation based on Nowak’s psychological theory Regulatory Theory of Social Influence (RTSI). This theory posits that social influence consists of not only sources trying to influence targets, but also targets seeking sources by whom to be influenced and learning what processing rules those sources are using. A multi-agent simulator SMARTSIS is implemented to evaluate the algorithm, using as its base scenario a linear public goods game where the DIP’s decision is a qualitative question of distributive justice. In a series of experiments examining the emergence of expertise, we show how RTSI enhances the effectiveness of the multi-agent DIP as a social group while conserving each agent’s individual resources. Additionally, we identify eight criteria for evaluating the DIP unit’s performance, consisting of four conflicting pairs of systemic drivers, and discuss how RTSI maintains a balanced tension between the four driver pairs through the emergence and divergence of expertise. We conclude by arguing that this shows how psychological theories like RTSI can have a crucial role in informing agent-based models of human behaviour, which in turn may be critically important for effective knowledge management and reflective self-improvement in both cyber-physical and socio-technical systems. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Artificial Life MIT Press

Expertise, Social Influence, and Knowledge Aggregation in Distributed Information Processing

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Publisher
MIT Press
Copyright
© 2022 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
ISSN
1064-5462
eISSN
1530-9185
DOI
10.1162/artl_a_00387
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

In many social, cyber-physical, and socio-technical systems, a group of autonomous peers can encounter a knowledge aggregation problem, requiring them to organise themselves, without a centralised authority, as a distributed information processing unit (DIP). In this article, we specify and implement a new algorithm for knowledge aggregation based on Nowak’s psychological theory Regulatory Theory of Social Influence (RTSI). This theory posits that social influence consists of not only sources trying to influence targets, but also targets seeking sources by whom to be influenced and learning what processing rules those sources are using. A multi-agent simulator SMARTSIS is implemented to evaluate the algorithm, using as its base scenario a linear public goods game where the DIP’s decision is a qualitative question of distributive justice. In a series of experiments examining the emergence of expertise, we show how RTSI enhances the effectiveness of the multi-agent DIP as a social group while conserving each agent’s individual resources. Additionally, we identify eight criteria for evaluating the DIP unit’s performance, consisting of four conflicting pairs of systemic drivers, and discuss how RTSI maintains a balanced tension between the four driver pairs through the emergence and divergence of expertise. We conclude by arguing that this shows how psychological theories like RTSI can have a crucial role in informing agent-based models of human behaviour, which in turn may be critically important for effective knowledge management and reflective self-improvement in both cyber-physical and socio-technical systems.

Journal

Artificial LifeMIT Press

Published: Jan 2, 2023

References