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CHAPTER 1 1.1 OVERVIEW OF MICROFLUIDICS 1.1.1 BACKGROUND AND BRIEF DEVELOPMENT HISTORY Microfluidics refers to the science and technology of manipulating fluids in microchannels [ 1]. Microfluidics can be used to integrate basic operation units such as sample preparation, reaction, separation, and detection in biological, chemical, and medical analysis processes onto a microme- ter-scale chip to form miniaturized total analytical systems (μTAS) or Lab on a Chip to automate the analysis process. Microfluidics has the advantages of low cost, small volume, low sample and reagent requirements, and fast reaction. It has been widely used in biomedicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, and other application fields. Figure 1.1(a) shows a portable, disc-based, and fully auto- mated enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) system [2]. Figure 1.1(b) shows the micro- fluidic chip for single circulating tumor cells (CTC) isolation and whole genomic amplification [ 3]. (a) (b) Figure 1.1: Examples of microfluidic chips: (a) a portable, disc-based, and fully automated en- zyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) system [2], used with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry; and (b) a microfluidic chip for single CTC isolation and whole genomic amplification [3], used with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry. The concept of microfluidic analysis
Published: Jan 1, 2020
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