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A Handbook of Transcription FactorsHomeodomain Subtypes and Functional Diversity

A Handbook of Transcription Factors: Homeodomain Subtypes and Functional Diversity [The homeodomain is a protein domain of about 60 amino acids that is encoded by homeobox genes. The homeodomain is a DNA binding domain, and hence homeodomain proteins are essentially transcription factors (TFs). They have been shown to play major roles in many developmental processes of animals, as well as fungi and plants. A primary function of homeodomain proteins is to regulate the expression of other genes in development and differentiation. Thousands of homeobox genes have been identified, and they can be grouped into many different classes. Often other conserved protein domains are found linked to a homeodomain. Several particular types of homeobox genes are organized into chromosomal clusters. The best-known cluster, the HOX cluster, is found in all bilaterian animals. Tetrapods contain four HOX clusters that arose through duplication in early vertebrate evolution. The genes in these clusters are called Hox genes. Lower chordates, insects and nematodes tend to have only one HOX cluster. Of particular interest is that many of the HOX cluster genes function in the process of pattern formation along the anterior-posterior body axis. Many other types of homeodomain proteins play roles in the determination of cell fates and cell differentiation. Homeobox genes thus perform key roles for all aspects of the development of an organism.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A Handbook of Transcription FactorsHomeodomain Subtypes and Functional Diversity

Part of the Subcellular Biochemistry Book Series (volume 52)
Editors: Hughes, Timothy R.
Bürglin, Thomas R.
A Handbook of Transcription Factors — Apr 14, 2011
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28 pages

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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Copyright
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011
ISBN
978-90-481-9068-3
Pages
95 –122
DOI
10.1007/978-90-481-9069-0_5
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[The homeodomain is a protein domain of about 60 amino acids that is encoded by homeobox genes. The homeodomain is a DNA binding domain, and hence homeodomain proteins are essentially transcription factors (TFs). They have been shown to play major roles in many developmental processes of animals, as well as fungi and plants. A primary function of homeodomain proteins is to regulate the expression of other genes in development and differentiation. Thousands of homeobox genes have been identified, and they can be grouped into many different classes. Often other conserved protein domains are found linked to a homeodomain. Several particular types of homeobox genes are organized into chromosomal clusters. The best-known cluster, the HOX cluster, is found in all bilaterian animals. Tetrapods contain four HOX clusters that arose through duplication in early vertebrate evolution. The genes in these clusters are called Hox genes. Lower chordates, insects and nematodes tend to have only one HOX cluster. Of particular interest is that many of the HOX cluster genes function in the process of pattern formation along the anterior-posterior body axis. Many other types of homeodomain proteins play roles in the determination of cell fates and cell differentiation. Homeobox genes thus perform key roles for all aspects of the development of an organism.]

Published: Apr 14, 2011

Keywords: Homeobox Gene; Homeodomain Protein; Paralogue Group; ParaHox Gene; Early Vertebrate Evolution

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