A History of Exorcism in Catholic ChristianityExorcism in an Age of Doubt: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
A History of Exorcism in Catholic Christianity: Exorcism in an Age of Doubt: The Nineteenth and...
Young, Francis
2016-04-20 00:00:00
[In the aftermath of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, which saw Pope Pius VI deposed, Rome declared a Republic and Pope Pius VII imprisoned, the Papacy reinvented itself as the opponent of secular government and increasingly presented Catholicism as a political ideology in its own right. The overthrow of the Papal States in 1870 intensified Pius IX and Leo XIII’s convictions that the Catholic church was the victim of a demonically inspired international conspiracy. Yet the basic attitude of extreme caution towards exorcism established by Pope Benedict XIV prevailed until the very end of the nineteenth century, when Leo XIII placed the fight against Satan at the centre of the church’s mission. Even then, the burgeoning disciplines of psychology and psychiatry raised so many doubts concerning the reality of possession that the majority of local bishops were reluctant to authorize exorcisms, and the rite promoted by Leo XIII was an attenuated form of exorcism for a sceptical age rather than a revival of the ancient practice. Catholic biblical scholars were also critical of the continued practice of exorcism, and although the condemnation of the Modernists in 1907 temporarily silenced these voices, Vatican II gave a licence to renewed scepticism.]
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A History of Exorcism in Catholic ChristianityExorcism in an Age of Doubt: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
[In the aftermath of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, which saw Pope Pius VI deposed, Rome declared a Republic and Pope Pius VII imprisoned, the Papacy reinvented itself as the opponent of secular government and increasingly presented Catholicism as a political ideology in its own right. The overthrow of the Papal States in 1870 intensified Pius IX and Leo XIII’s convictions that the Catholic church was the victim of a demonically inspired international conspiracy. Yet the basic attitude of extreme caution towards exorcism established by Pope Benedict XIV prevailed until the very end of the nineteenth century, when Leo XIII placed the fight against Satan at the centre of the church’s mission. Even then, the burgeoning disciplines of psychology and psychiatry raised so many doubts concerning the reality of possession that the majority of local bishops were reluctant to authorize exorcisms, and the rite promoted by Leo XIII was an attenuated form of exorcism for a sceptical age rather than a revival of the ancient practice. Catholic biblical scholars were also critical of the continued practice of exorcism, and although the condemnation of the Modernists in 1907 temporarily silenced these voices, Vatican II gave a licence to renewed scepticism.]
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