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CHAPTER 3 And fi ght with them until there is no more fi tna [disorder, unbelief] and religion is all for Allah. [The new moons] are fi xed times for the people and for the pilgrimage. Koran BRIEF HISTORY In the sixth century CE, the Arabian Peninsula was divided into a northern region that was a frontier border of the Byzantine province of Syria and a southern region that was on the periphery of the Byzantine Empire and home to nomadic Bedouin tribes who were fi erce, unruly, and forever fi ght- ing. Many of the Bedouins were polytheists and lived in a culture where tribal violence, war, blood feuds, infanticide, polygamy, vengeance, rank materialism, and arrogance were the order of the day. They deeply resented Byzantine encroachment on their culture and nomadic lifestyle. Judaism and various Christian heresies were present in the region and had some followers. Nicene Christianity, which was the offi cial religion of the Byzantine Empire, was known and had made major strides in some of the cities of Arabia, but it did not appear to penetrate too deeply among the desert nomads. The Arabian Peninsula also had caravan routes and trading centers that benefi
Published: Sep 14, 2016
Keywords: Religious Leader; Islamic State; Islamic Society; Islamic Civilization; Islamic Movement
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