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A Life Cycle for Clusters?Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space?

A Life Cycle for Clusters?: Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space? 3.3 Summary and critique 59 4 Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space? The different concepts reviewed in Chap. 3 have shown that there is a multitude of forms of and perspectives on clusters. However, a smallest common denominator between them can be derived which will act as the working hypothesis on the na- ture of clusters for the remainder of the analysis. In all approaches, clusters are viewed as non-random spatial concentrations of economic activity that exist due to the effects of agglomeration externalities. Their emergence is usually tied to a combination of historic accident and industry-specific factors offering a signifi- cant importance to first-order proximity benefits. Both aspects can then lead to an initial spatial concentration of public and private organisations: Outside agents can locate into the emerging cluster, existing ones can start engaging in activities rele- vant to the industry (e.g. universities offering tailored training programmes) and new organisations can be created through spinout or start-up activity. The parallel conduct of competing and complementary activities by co-located agents then gives rise to second-order proximity benefits in the guise of agglom- eration externalities. Agent activities and interactions produce agglomeration economies which in turn affect the http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A Life Cycle for Clusters?Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space?

Part of the Contributions to Economics Book Series
A Life Cycle for Clusters? — Jan 1, 2006
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Publisher
Physica-Verlag HD
Copyright
© Physica-Verlag Heidelberg 2006
ISBN
978-3-7908-1710-2
Pages
59 –76
DOI
10.1007/3-7908-1763-5_4
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

3.3 Summary and critique 59 4 Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space? The different concepts reviewed in Chap. 3 have shown that there is a multitude of forms of and perspectives on clusters. However, a smallest common denominator between them can be derived which will act as the working hypothesis on the na- ture of clusters for the remainder of the analysis. In all approaches, clusters are viewed as non-random spatial concentrations of economic activity that exist due to the effects of agglomeration externalities. Their emergence is usually tied to a combination of historic accident and industry-specific factors offering a signifi- cant importance to first-order proximity benefits. Both aspects can then lead to an initial spatial concentration of public and private organisations: Outside agents can locate into the emerging cluster, existing ones can start engaging in activities rele- vant to the industry (e.g. universities offering tailored training programmes) and new organisations can be created through spinout or start-up activity. The parallel conduct of competing and complementary activities by co-located agents then gives rise to second-order proximity benefits in the guise of agglom- eration externalities. Agent activities and interactions produce agglomeration economies which in turn affect the

Published: Jan 1, 2006

Keywords: Local Agent; Agglomeration Economy; Local Industry; Cluster Adaptation; Cluster Agent

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