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A Primer for the Exercise and Nutrition SciencesMetabolism as an Energy-Exchange Device

A Primer for the Exercise and Nutrition Sciences: Metabolism as an Energy-Exchange Device Chapter 9 The metabolic breakdown of food is typically depicted as a spontaneous energy- releasing act of energy exchange (recall that the aerobic oxidation of glucose starts with seven molecules – 1C H O , 6O – and ends with 12− 6H O, 6CO ).But 6 12 6 2 2 2 the metabolic resynthesis of ATP requires energy and so is nonspontaneous. The metabolic biochemical pathways couple these two exchanges (Fig. 9.1). As an energy-exchange device, metabolism represents a biological machine of sorts, a marvel of engineering with moving parts and all. Recall, ∆ G reveals Gibbs energy availability within a closed system under stan- dard conditions, it is a descriptor of the force behind chemical reactions (Figs. 7.1– 7.4). ∆ G describes this force for nonstandardized individual biochemical reactions within cells. Single biochemical reactions are however often “stringed together” forming a continuous metabolic pathway where the biochemical product of one reaction becomes the reactant of another, then another, and so on until a final metabolic product is produced. Energy conversion takes place, from one form of chemical energy (glucose and fat) to another (ATP). In addition, energy transfer also occurs, being described as a flow from one place http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A Primer for the Exercise and Nutrition SciencesMetabolism as an Energy-Exchange Device

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References (25)

Publisher
Humana Press
Copyright
© Humana Press 2008
ISBN
978-1-60327-382-4
Pages
63 –73
DOI
10.1007/978-1-60327-383-1_9
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

Chapter 9 The metabolic breakdown of food is typically depicted as a spontaneous energy- releasing act of energy exchange (recall that the aerobic oxidation of glucose starts with seven molecules – 1C H O , 6O – and ends with 12− 6H O, 6CO ).But 6 12 6 2 2 2 the metabolic resynthesis of ATP requires energy and so is nonspontaneous. The metabolic biochemical pathways couple these two exchanges (Fig. 9.1). As an energy-exchange device, metabolism represents a biological machine of sorts, a marvel of engineering with moving parts and all. Recall, ∆ G reveals Gibbs energy availability within a closed system under stan- dard conditions, it is a descriptor of the force behind chemical reactions (Figs. 7.1– 7.4). ∆ G describes this force for nonstandardized individual biochemical reactions within cells. Single biochemical reactions are however often “stringed together” forming a continuous metabolic pathway where the biochemical product of one reaction becomes the reactant of another, then another, and so on until a final metabolic product is produced. Energy conversion takes place, from one form of chemical energy (glucose and fat) to another (ATP). In addition, energy transfer also occurs, being described as a flow from one place

Published: Jan 1, 2008

Keywords: Energy Exchange; Heat Production; Entropy Production; Dissipative Structure; Cytoplasmic Streaming

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