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[The human gut is colonized by trillions of bacteria that complement our own human genes with 150-fold more microbial genes. Acting at the intersection between diet and host biology the gut microbiota can be considered a metabolic organ that affects host physiology. Here we explore evidence that supports the hypothesis that there is a dynamic interrelationship between our diet and gut microbiota that plays an important role in nutrition as well as modulating energy balance. Furthermore, the gut microbiota is altered in obesity and germ-free mice have reduced adiposity and are protected against diet-induced obesity. Accordingly, the gut microbiota may be considered an important environmental factor that contributes to obesity and metabolic diseases.]
Published: Sep 25, 2013
Keywords: Gut microbiota; Metabolism; Metagenome; Obesity
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