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[It is believed by most biologists that life began on this planet with the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA) illustrated in Fig. 8.1 that have the property of being self-replicating as well as the ability to catalyze the production of the chemical groups and information transfers required for life within living cells. The structure of RNA is that of a double helix like that also of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) illustrated in Fig. 8.2. RNA consists of a single chain of nucleic acid that doubles back on its self to form a double helix. DNA, on the other hand, is a double helix consisting of two separate strands of nucleic acid that link up with each other. Although it is thought that life began with RNA it eventually was replaced with the current RNA-DNA-protein regime that characterizes life today. The role of DNA is the storage of information and its role in catalyzing the production of RNA. The role of RNA is that of catalyzing the production of proteins which actually carry out the metabolic functions of day to day life of a cell. Many proteins also have spiral components such as the α-helix illustrated in Fig. 8.3, one of the most prevalent of the local structures in proteins. Biochemical spirals are an essential element of living organisms without which there would be no life.]
Published: May 7, 2022
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