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An Extreme Gale Event in East China under the Arctic Potential Vorticity Anomaly through the Northeast China Cold Vortex

An Extreme Gale Event in East China under the Arctic Potential Vorticity Anomaly through the... Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection. This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China and was forced by an Arctic potential vorticity (PV) anomaly intrusion. Temperature advection steered by storms contributed to the equatorward propagation of Arctic high PV, forming the Northeast China cold vortex (NCCV). At the upper levels, a PV southward intrusion guided the combination of the polar jet and the subtropical jet, providing strong vertical wind shear and downward momentum transportation to the event. The PV anomaly cooled the upper troposphere and the northern part of East China, whereas the lower levels over southern East China were dominated by local warm air, thus establishing strong instability and baroclinicity. In addition, the entrainment of Arctic dry air strengthened the surface pressure gradient by evaporation cooling. Capturing the above mechanism has the potential to improve convective weather forecasts under climate change. This study suggests that the more frequent NCCV-induced gale events in recent years are partly due to high-latitude waviness and storm activities, and this hypothesis needs to be investigated using more cases. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advances in Atmospheric Sciences Springer Journals

An Extreme Gale Event in East China under the Arctic Potential Vorticity Anomaly through the Northeast China Cold Vortex

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References (51)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © Institute of Atmospheric Physics/Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
ISSN
0256-1530
eISSN
1861-9533
DOI
10.1007/s00376-023-2255-y
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection. This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China and was forced by an Arctic potential vorticity (PV) anomaly intrusion. Temperature advection steered by storms contributed to the equatorward propagation of Arctic high PV, forming the Northeast China cold vortex (NCCV). At the upper levels, a PV southward intrusion guided the combination of the polar jet and the subtropical jet, providing strong vertical wind shear and downward momentum transportation to the event. The PV anomaly cooled the upper troposphere and the northern part of East China, whereas the lower levels over southern East China were dominated by local warm air, thus establishing strong instability and baroclinicity. In addition, the entrainment of Arctic dry air strengthened the surface pressure gradient by evaporation cooling. Capturing the above mechanism has the potential to improve convective weather forecasts under climate change. This study suggests that the more frequent NCCV-induced gale events in recent years are partly due to high-latitude waviness and storm activities, and this hypothesis needs to be investigated using more cases.

Journal

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences – Springer Journals

Published: Dec 1, 2023

Keywords: PV anomaly; Arctic storm; Northeast China cold vortex; convection; extreme gale; 位涡异常; 北极气旋; 东北冷涡; 强对流; 极端大风

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