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Converting a NationReading Between the Lines

Converting a Nation: Reading Between the Lines [In the memoirs that Bartolommeo Cardinal Pacca penned in 1828, the former Vatican secretary of state recorded the story of a pontificate that survived a turbulent time of transition. At the beginning of Pope Pius VII’s twenty-three-year pontificate, which began in 1800 and encompassed Pacca’s tenure, the pope had been interested in stabilizing the turbulent relationship between the Papal States and Napoleonic France. The emperor appeared, at least initially, equally eager to maintain a close relationship with the pope. The pope was angered, however, by Napoleon’s intimation that the security of the Papal States depended upon the Vatican’s accommodation of Napoleon’s demands regarding religious matters; he stated in no uncertain terms that he would not conflate temporal and spiritual issues. Napoleon’s failed efforts to make the pope accede to his wishes and his general belief that the Vatican greatly limited his powers led the French emperor to make good on his threats. In 1809 he invaded the Papal States. Pius VII immediately responded by excommunicating Napoleon, but this move did nothing to thwart the emperor, who annexed the Papal States to his empire and ordered a general in his army to take the pope prisoner. The Pope was supposedly carried out of Rome with no more than a papetto, equivalent to a ten-cent coin, in his purse.1] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

Converting a NationReading Between the Lines

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Publisher
Palgrave Macmillan US
Copyright
© Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Nature America Inc. 2008
ISBN
978-1-349-37407-6
Pages
11 –30
DOI
10.1057/9780230615816_2
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[In the memoirs that Bartolommeo Cardinal Pacca penned in 1828, the former Vatican secretary of state recorded the story of a pontificate that survived a turbulent time of transition. At the beginning of Pope Pius VII’s twenty-three-year pontificate, which began in 1800 and encompassed Pacca’s tenure, the pope had been interested in stabilizing the turbulent relationship between the Papal States and Napoleonic France. The emperor appeared, at least initially, equally eager to maintain a close relationship with the pope. The pope was angered, however, by Napoleon’s intimation that the security of the Papal States depended upon the Vatican’s accommodation of Napoleon’s demands regarding religious matters; he stated in no uncertain terms that he would not conflate temporal and spiritual issues. Napoleon’s failed efforts to make the pope accede to his wishes and his general belief that the Vatican greatly limited his powers led the French emperor to make good on his threats. In 1809 he invaded the Papal States. Pius VII immediately responded by excommunicating Napoleon, but this move did nothing to thwart the emperor, who annexed the Papal States to his empire and ordered a general in his army to take the pope prisoner. The Pope was supposedly carried out of Rome with no more than a papetto, equivalent to a ten-cent coin, in his purse.1]

Published: Nov 5, 2015

Keywords: Jewish Community; Corporal Punishment; Papal State; Jewish Woman; French Revolution

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