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Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, TheThe Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments

Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, The: The Effects of... CHAP TE R 2 The Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments 2.1 H YPERGRAVIT Y AND HUMAN PH YSIOLOGY The first reported disturbance due to G’s occurred in 1918, when the pilot of a Sopwith Triplane noted that the sky appeared to be gray (gray-out) just before he fainted during a tight turn at 4.5Gz. In 1927, Jimmy Doolittle, as part of his graduate studies in aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, mounted a recording accelerometer in a Fokker PW aircraft and logged G’s during aerobatic maneuvers. He reported that in a sustained 4.7Gz condition ( power spiral), he began to lose his sight and, for a short time, everything went black (blackout). He retained all faculties except sight and had no difficulty in righting the airplane. With the grow- ing use of military aircrafts, there was an increased interest in the effects of G’s on pilots. A need to study the effects of acceleration under controlled conditions led to the development of large cen- trifuges in which human subjects could be exposed to G’s while they attempted to perform certain flying tasks. The development of higher performance aircraft encouraged the development of strat- egies for combating http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, TheThe Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments

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Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Copyright
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2008
ISBN
978-3-031-00496-4
Pages
17 –38
DOI
10.1007/978-3-031-01624-0_2
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

CHAP TE R 2 The Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments 2.1 H YPERGRAVIT Y AND HUMAN PH YSIOLOGY The first reported disturbance due to G’s occurred in 1918, when the pilot of a Sopwith Triplane noted that the sky appeared to be gray (gray-out) just before he fainted during a tight turn at 4.5Gz. In 1927, Jimmy Doolittle, as part of his graduate studies in aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, mounted a recording accelerometer in a Fokker PW aircraft and logged G’s during aerobatic maneuvers. He reported that in a sustained 4.7Gz condition ( power spiral), he began to lose his sight and, for a short time, everything went black (blackout). He retained all faculties except sight and had no difficulty in righting the airplane. With the grow- ing use of military aircrafts, there was an increased interest in the effects of G’s on pilots. A need to study the effects of acceleration under controlled conditions led to the development of large cen- trifuges in which human subjects could be exposed to G’s while they attempted to perform certain flying tasks. The development of higher performance aircraft encouraged the development of strat- egies for combating

Published: Jan 1, 2008

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