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Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, TheThe Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments

Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, The: The Effects of... CHAP TE R 3 The Effects of Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments 3.1 GROUND-BASED MICROGRAVIT Y SIMULATION The importance of an adequate understanding of the physiological responses to microgravity to assure the health and well-being of astronauts in space has grown since the beginning of manned spaceflight and has motivated a series of biomedical experiments in the Skylab, Space Shuttle, and Mir Space Station programs, as detailed in previous chapters. However, many factors associated with spaceflight activities complicate attempts to delineate the time course of physiological re- sponses to microgravity, including the following: Sample size—crew sizes have ranged from five to eight astronauts and only two or three of them have been allowed to participate in biomedical experiments. Any attempt to extrapolate from this small number to a larger population is unsatisfactory. Limited capabilities for scientific observations—biomedical experiments are restricted by operational limitations and the time available during a space mission. Extensive use of countermeasures—the prophylactic and therapeutic use of a variety of countermeasures has masked the direct effects attributable to microgravity alone on hu- man adaptation to space environment. Different mission types—frequent changes of mission profiles make direct comparisons between flights difficult. These limitations to the conduct of biomedical http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

Effects of Hypergravity and Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments, TheThe Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments

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Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Copyright
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2008
ISBN
978-3-031-00496-4
Pages
39 –64
DOI
10.1007/978-3-031-01624-0_3
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

CHAP TE R 3 The Effects of Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments 3.1 GROUND-BASED MICROGRAVIT Y SIMULATION The importance of an adequate understanding of the physiological responses to microgravity to assure the health and well-being of astronauts in space has grown since the beginning of manned spaceflight and has motivated a series of biomedical experiments in the Skylab, Space Shuttle, and Mir Space Station programs, as detailed in previous chapters. However, many factors associated with spaceflight activities complicate attempts to delineate the time course of physiological re- sponses to microgravity, including the following: Sample size—crew sizes have ranged from five to eight astronauts and only two or three of them have been allowed to participate in biomedical experiments. Any attempt to extrapolate from this small number to a larger population is unsatisfactory. Limited capabilities for scientific observations—biomedical experiments are restricted by operational limitations and the time available during a space mission. Extensive use of countermeasures—the prophylactic and therapeutic use of a variety of countermeasures has masked the direct effects attributable to microgravity alone on hu- man adaptation to space environment. Different mission types—frequent changes of mission profiles make direct comparisons between flights difficult. These limitations to the conduct of biomedical

Published: Jan 1, 2008

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