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Science, Religion and Communism in Cold War EuropeThe Shepherds’ Calling, the Engineers’ Project, and the Scientists’ Problem: Scientific Knowledge and the Care of Souls in Communist Eastern Europe

Science, Religion and Communism in Cold War Europe: The Shepherds’ Calling, the Engineers’... [The essay investigates sociological and psychological approaches to religion among mainstream Marxist scholars in Yugoslavia and Hungary. In both countries the abandonment of crude scientific determinism led to softer anti-religious rhetoric, while the unexpected persistence of religiosity demanded new explanations for the failure of secularization theory. In contrast to Yugoslavia, where social scientists from the 1960s largely discarded efforts to use science to help make religion disappear, Hungarian analyses in the same period remained more overtly ideological. Both countries’ social-scientific disciplines continued to view the underlying science, especially the psychology of religion, as confirming socialist understandings of human relations.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

Science, Religion and Communism in Cold War EuropeThe Shepherds’ Calling, the Engineers’ Project, and the Scientists’ Problem: Scientific Knowledge and the Care of Souls in Communist Eastern Europe

Part of the St Antony's Series Book Series
Editors: Betts, Paul; Smith, Stephen A.
Patterson, Patrick Hyder
Science, Religion and Communism in Cold War Europe — May 15, 2016
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Publisher
Palgrave Macmillan UK
Copyright
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016
ISBN
978-1-137-54638-8
Pages
55 –76
DOI
10.1057/978-1-137-54639-5_3
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[The essay investigates sociological and psychological approaches to religion among mainstream Marxist scholars in Yugoslavia and Hungary. In both countries the abandonment of crude scientific determinism led to softer anti-religious rhetoric, while the unexpected persistence of religiosity demanded new explanations for the failure of secularization theory. In contrast to Yugoslavia, where social scientists from the 1960s largely discarded efforts to use science to help make religion disappear, Hungarian analyses in the same period remained more overtly ideological. Both countries’ social-scientific disciplines continued to view the underlying science, especially the psychology of religion, as confirming socialist understandings of human relations.]

Published: May 15, 2016

Keywords: Religious Commitment; Socialist Period; Religious Feeling; Social Conditioning; Socialist Doctrine

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