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The Genesis of Fluid Mechanics, 1640–1780Discharge from Vessels and Tanks

The Genesis of Fluid Mechanics, 1640–1780: Discharge from Vessels and Tanks [Torricelli’s Law occupied central place in the first works on fluid mechanics, resolving the question how to determine the velocity with which a jet of water comes out of an orifice located in the lower part of a tank or vessel. The law, which relates velocity to the height, was established by Torricelli in his De motu gravium (On the movement of heavy bodies) (1644), a work that dealt with motion of projectiles. However, the problem was not new, as according to what he states and what other authors confirm, Benedetto Castelli had already investigated this matter. In the work quoted there is a set of propositions entitled ‘De motu aquarum’ (‘On movement in water’), in which he analyses the motion of a jet when it is vertical or angled. Torricelli begins with the following statement:[T]he waters that come out violently have the same impetus at the outlet point as any heavy bodies, or a drop of the same water, would have if they fell naturally from the highest surface of the water to the outlet orifice.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

The Genesis of Fluid Mechanics, 1640–1780Discharge from Vessels and Tanks

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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Copyright
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008
ISBN
978-1-4020-6413-5
Pages
271 –292
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4020-6414-2_6
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[Torricelli’s Law occupied central place in the first works on fluid mechanics, resolving the question how to determine the velocity with which a jet of water comes out of an orifice located in the lower part of a tank or vessel. The law, which relates velocity to the height, was established by Torricelli in his De motu gravium (On the movement of heavy bodies) (1644), a work that dealt with motion of projectiles. However, the problem was not new, as according to what he states and what other authors confirm, Benedetto Castelli had already investigated this matter. In the work quoted there is a set of propositions entitled ‘De motu aquarum’ (‘On movement in water’), in which he analyses the motion of a jet when it is vertical or angled. Torricelli begins with the following statement:[T]he waters that come out violently have the same impetus at the outlet point as any heavy bodies, or a drop of the same water, would have if they fell naturally from the highest surface of the water to the outlet orifice.]

Published: Jan 1, 2008

Keywords: Fluid Mechanic; Slope Channel; Fall Velocity; Heavy Body; Outlet Velocity

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