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Steven Brint, K. Proctor, S. Murphy, Lori Turk-Bicakci, R. Hanneman (2009)
General Education Models: Continuity and Change in the U.S. Undergraduate Curriculum, 1975–2000The Journal of Higher Education, 80
W. Brickman (1957)
A New Journal in Comparative EducationComparative Education Review, 1
S. Gillespie (2001)
Opening Minds The International Liberal Education MovementWorld Policy Journal, 18
[Before the eighteenth century, most students in Western universities received an undergraduate education based on the liberal arts, with an emphasis on logic, rhetoric, and grammar rooted in classical texts. Chinese higher education in this period was similarly based on Confucian classics. After the eighteenth century, however, higher education in Europe became more and more specialized owing to two forces: the rise of new technologies and the steady professionalization of modern science. The formation of modern disciplines during the nineteenth century further contributed to the rise of academic specialization worldwide. Higher education in China and the Soviet Union from the 1950s to the 1970s had the most specialized education systems.]
Published: Nov 5, 2015
Keywords: High Education; Eighteenth Century; General Education; Undergraduate Education; Liberal Education
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