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CHAPTER 1 EUROPEAN DEBATES ON THE KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTION: THE MODERNIZATION OF THE UNIVERSITY AT THE EUROPEAN LEVEL Johan P. Olsen and Peter Maassen DEMANDS FOR RADICAL REFORM European universities face demands for urgent and radical reform. A standard claim is that environments are changing rapidly and that universities are not able or willing to respond adequately. It is necessary to rethink and reshape their internal order and role in society simply because European universities do not learn, adapt and reform themselves fast enough. Reform plans comprise the purposes of universities, that is, definitions of what the University is, can be and should be, criteria for quality and success, the kinds of research, education and services to be produced, and for whom. Reform plans also include the universities’ organization and financial basis, their governance structures, who should influence the future dynamics of universities, and according to what principles. The reform rhetoric is both problem driven and solution driven. On the one hand, reform demands are raised in an atmosphere of a perceived performance crisis, or even an identity crisis. In particular, Europe’s capacity to compete in the global “knowl- edge economy” is seen to be affected negatively by the perceived
Published: Jan 1, 2007
Keywords: Academic Freedom; Policy Sector; European High Education Area; Bologna Process; Knowledge Institution
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