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We Too! Gender Equity in Education and the Road to Title IXReaching for Equality in Women’s Employment

We Too! Gender Equity in Education and the Road to Title IX: Reaching for Equality in Women’s... [Chapter 4 shows how women inside and outside government pushed for equal employment opportunities for women. At the hub of this feminist network was Esther Peterson, Assistant Secretary of Labor in the administrations of Presidents John Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. Strategically adapting her tactics in her male-dominated environment, she guided Kennedy’s Presidential Commission on the Status of Women and their state commissions, and collaborated with like-minded advocates in negotiating the Equal Pay Act of 1963. And despite the Johnson administration’s indifference to women’s rights, Peterson and other feminists pressed the president to issue Executive Order 11375, which became key in building the social and political movement that led to Title IX. Feminists working toward the same goal of increasing employment opportunities for women nevertheless disagreed from time to time on strategies and tactics, as, for example, whether to support the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and whether to support a sex amendment to Title VII of the bill that became the Civil Rights Act of 1964.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

We Too! Gender Equity in Education and the Road to Title IXReaching for Equality in Women’s Employment

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Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Copyright
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
ISBN
978-3-031-02073-5
Pages
43 –75
DOI
10.1007/978-3-031-02074-2_4
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[Chapter 4 shows how women inside and outside government pushed for equal employment opportunities for women. At the hub of this feminist network was Esther Peterson, Assistant Secretary of Labor in the administrations of Presidents John Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. Strategically adapting her tactics in her male-dominated environment, she guided Kennedy’s Presidential Commission on the Status of Women and their state commissions, and collaborated with like-minded advocates in negotiating the Equal Pay Act of 1963. And despite the Johnson administration’s indifference to women’s rights, Peterson and other feminists pressed the president to issue Executive Order 11375, which became key in building the social and political movement that led to Title IX. Feminists working toward the same goal of increasing employment opportunities for women nevertheless disagreed from time to time on strategies and tactics, as, for example, whether to support the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and whether to support a sex amendment to Title VII of the bill that became the Civil Rights Act of 1964.]

Published: Aug 20, 2022

Keywords: Civil Rights Act 1964; EO 11246; Equal Pay Act; Esther Peterson; Network; Presidential Commission

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