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INTRODUCTIONMires are unique habitats, home to many rare plants and animals. Across Europe, most mire habitat types are endangered (Janssen et al., 2016). The underlying causes are various: hydrological changes (Schrautzer et al., 2019), eutrophication (Hájek et al., 2015), global climate change (Essl et al., 2012; Herrera‐Pantoja et al., 2012; Swindles et al., 2019) and the abandonment of extensive management (Diemer et al., 2001; Opdekamp et al., 2012; Joyce, 2014).Owing to peat extraction and the intensification of agriculture, approximately 85% of Swiss mires have disappeared during the past century (Lachat et al., 2010), making them one of the most threatened habitats (Delarze et al., 2016). Mires are habitats for a large proportion of Switzerland's endangered plant species (Klaus et al., 2007; Bornand et al., 2016). In Switzerland, representative parts of mires sensu lato, including both peat‐forming bogs and fens as well as non‐peat‐forming wet grassland types derived from these, are currently protected as habitats of national importance (overview by Bergamini et al., 2019). Although the decrease in mire areas in Switzerland could be slowed through conservation measures, the quality of these areas continues to decline (Klaus et al., 2007; Küchler et al., 2018). The main reasons for the continuing negative development of Swiss mires are an increase in nutrients, desiccation and deteriorating light conditions through
Applied Vegetation Science – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 2023
Keywords: biodiversity conservation; Calthion palustris; ecological indicator value; fen; fence‐line contrast; grazing; mowing; semi‐natural grassland; Switzerland; wet grassland
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