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L Cheng, P Albers, DM Berney (2018)
Testicular cancer, 4
B Trabert, J Chen, SS Devesa, F Bray, KA McGlynn (2015)
International patterns and trends in testicular cancer incidence, overall and by histologic subtype, 1973–2007, 3
KA McGlynn, MB Cook (2009)
Etiologic factors in testicular germ‐cell tumors, 5
JS Park, J Kim, A Elghiaty, WS Ham (2018)
Recent global trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality, 97
INTRODUCTIONTesticular cancer (TC) remains the most frequent malignant tumour in men aged 15−40 years.1–3 The incidence varies between 0.5–10/100.000, population‐based data from Austria revealed an upward trend during the past 20 years and the incidence reached 9.0/100.000 in 2019.4,5 Ninety percent of cases present as unilateral palpable scrotal mass, which is most frequently detected by self‐examination.3In TC, as in all malignant diseases early detection is of great importance regarding treatment intensity and outcome. Fortunately, about 70% of TC are diagnosed as Stage 1.6 Compared to other tumour entities the long‐term outcome of patients with TC is excellent, even in the case of advanced, metastatic disease. However, treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection all have a significant impact on quality of life in young men with relevant consequences regarding fertility, hormone status and long‐term treatment associated morbidity and mortality.3,7–13Therefore, basic knowledge on the male reproductive tract and TC (including self‐examination) is of importance to minimise treatment related short‐ and long‐term morbidity, but also of cancer‐specific and overall survival. Recently, Anheuser et al. published a study on this topic by investigating 561 high school students of grades 11 and 12.14 The purpose of this study was to examine
Andrology – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 2024
Keywords: knowledge of adolescents; reproductive tract; self‐examination; testicular cancer
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