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Male infants are at higher risk of neonatal mortality and severe morbidity

Male infants are at higher risk of neonatal mortality and severe morbidity INTRODUCTIONThere is now persuasive evidence that fetal sex influences placental function, with lower maternal levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) and higher resistance in uterine arteries seen in women with a male infant.1,2 Perturbation in placental function is strongly associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes including preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infant, pre‐eclampsia, stillbirth as well as neonatal mortality and morbidity.3–5 In particular, prenatal diagnosis of an infant suspected of being SGA or with overt FGR is important because it is a major risk factor for stillbirth, neonatal morbidity and mortality.6–8 Although a male infant is usually born with a higher birthweight than his female counterpart, he is more at risk of a variety of adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth and neonatal death.1 The reasons for these disparities are not entirely clear, but are likely to represent the complex interaction between immunological, hormonal, and genetic factors unique to both sexes.9The aim of this study was to investigate obstetric and perinatal outcomes by infant sex from 28 weeks gestation in a large Australian birth cohort.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of births that occurred between January 2008 and December 2021 at the Mater Mothers' http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Wiley

Male infants are at higher risk of neonatal mortality and severe morbidity

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References (30)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 2023 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
ISSN
0004-8666
eISSN
1479-828X
DOI
10.1111/ajo.13689
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONThere is now persuasive evidence that fetal sex influences placental function, with lower maternal levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) and higher resistance in uterine arteries seen in women with a male infant.1,2 Perturbation in placental function is strongly associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes including preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infant, pre‐eclampsia, stillbirth as well as neonatal mortality and morbidity.3–5 In particular, prenatal diagnosis of an infant suspected of being SGA or with overt FGR is important because it is a major risk factor for stillbirth, neonatal morbidity and mortality.6–8 Although a male infant is usually born with a higher birthweight than his female counterpart, he is more at risk of a variety of adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth and neonatal death.1 The reasons for these disparities are not entirely clear, but are likely to represent the complex interaction between immunological, hormonal, and genetic factors unique to both sexes.9The aim of this study was to investigate obstetric and perinatal outcomes by infant sex from 28 weeks gestation in a large Australian birth cohort.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of births that occurred between January 2008 and December 2021 at the Mater Mothers'

Journal

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and GynaecologyWiley

Published: Aug 1, 2023

Keywords: adverse perinatal outcomes; infant sex; neonatal morbidity; perinatal mortality; preterm birth

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