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Microdissection testicular sperm extraction outcomes in azoospermic patients with bilateral orchidopexy

Microdissection testicular sperm extraction outcomes in azoospermic patients with bilateral... INTRODUCTIONCryptorchidism is the most common congenital urogenital birth defect.1,2 The incidence rate reported to be between 4% and 5% in full‐term and about 30% in premature neonates.3 Approximately, 80% of undescended testicles (UDT) will descend in the first 3 months of the life.3 Experts believe that spontaneous descent after 6 months is very unlikely, and on the other hand, UDTs have been shown to increase the risk of testicular germ cell tumors and impairment in the spermatogenic function which leads to infertility.4 Therefore, it is highly recommended to perform orchidopexy between 6 and 12 months, in order to decrease the risk of testicular cancer and optimize fertility.5,6UDT is classified as follows: palpable and non‐palpable, unilateral and bilateral, congenital and acquired. When the physician could not palpate the testis along the inguino‐scrotal descent route, then the diagnosis is either an abdominal testis, ectopic or anorchia (lack of testis).7 Previous studies have suggested more maldescent classifications regarding testis position including: supra or high scrotal, inguinal, high or low abdominal and ectopic.4Bilateral UDT has been shown to significantly decrease the spermatogenesis in comparison to unilateral UDT.8 Infertility may occur in 13% and 89% of patients after unilateral and bilateral orchidopexy, respectively.3,9 Previous http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Andrology Wiley

Microdissection testicular sperm extraction outcomes in azoospermic patients with bilateral orchidopexy

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References (2)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology.
ISSN
2047-2919
eISSN
2047-2927
DOI
10.1111/andr.13463
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONCryptorchidism is the most common congenital urogenital birth defect.1,2 The incidence rate reported to be between 4% and 5% in full‐term and about 30% in premature neonates.3 Approximately, 80% of undescended testicles (UDT) will descend in the first 3 months of the life.3 Experts believe that spontaneous descent after 6 months is very unlikely, and on the other hand, UDTs have been shown to increase the risk of testicular germ cell tumors and impairment in the spermatogenic function which leads to infertility.4 Therefore, it is highly recommended to perform orchidopexy between 6 and 12 months, in order to decrease the risk of testicular cancer and optimize fertility.5,6UDT is classified as follows: palpable and non‐palpable, unilateral and bilateral, congenital and acquired. When the physician could not palpate the testis along the inguino‐scrotal descent route, then the diagnosis is either an abdominal testis, ectopic or anorchia (lack of testis).7 Previous studies have suggested more maldescent classifications regarding testis position including: supra or high scrotal, inguinal, high or low abdominal and ectopic.4Bilateral UDT has been shown to significantly decrease the spermatogenesis in comparison to unilateral UDT.8 Infertility may occur in 13% and 89% of patients after unilateral and bilateral orchidopexy, respectively.3,9 Previous

Journal

AndrologyWiley

Published: Jan 1, 2024

Keywords: cryptorchidism; microdissection TESE; orchidopexy; sperm retrieval; undescended testicle

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