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AACN Advanced Critical Care Volume 26 , Number 3 , pp. 275 - 280 © 2015 AACN Gerard B. Hannibal, RN, MSN, PCCN Department Editor S. Jill Ley , RN, MS, CNS Deirdre Koulakis , RN, BSN emporary pacemaker leads are placed on the epicardial surface of the heart Tduring cardiac surgery to assist in maintenance of cardiac rate and rhythm postoperatively. In addition to providing a reliable cardiac stimulus in the event of bradyarrhythmias or asystole, pacing wires can be used to optimize cardiac out- put and assist in the diagnosis and suppression of arrhythmias. Although place- ment of epicardial pacing leads was once considered essential, pacing is required in only 25% of valve patients and 10% in those undergoing coronary bypass pro- 1,2 cedures. This therapy is not without risk; in addition to surgical considerations of lead placement, pacing can potentially reduce cardiac output or precipitate life-threatening arrhythmias, warranting a thorough knowledge of this therapy to promote optimal patient outcomes. Components: Lead Systems and Generator The essential components of any pacing system include a generator to initiate an electrical stimulus, which is then transmitted via an insulated lead , to electrodes that are in direct contact with
AACN Advanced Critical Care – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Jul 1, 2015
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