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The incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

The incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients treated with immune checkpoint... Recent observational studies reported acute kidney injury (AKI) events in over 10% of the patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, these studies included patients treated in high-resource settings and earlier lines. Therefore, we aimed to assess the AKI rates and predisposing factors in ICI-treated patients from a limited resource setting. We evaluated 252 patients with advanced cancer for this retrospective cohort study. AKI events were defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The median age was 59 years. The melanoma (18.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (14.7%) and renal cell carcinoma (22.6%) patients comprised over half of the cohort. During the follow-up, 45 patients (17.9%) had at least one AKI episode. In multivariable analyses, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) [odds ratio (OR), 3.385; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.510–7.588; P = 0.003], hypoalbuminemia (OR, 2.848; 95% CI, 1.225–6.621; P = 0.015) or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor use (OR, 2.236; 95% CI, 1.017–4.919; P = 0.045) had increased AKI risk. There was a trend towards increased AKI risk in patients with diabetes (OR, 2.042; 95% CI, 0.923–4.518; P = 0.78) and regular proton pump inhibitors use (OR, 2.024; 95% CI, 0.947–4.327; P = 0.069). In this study, we observed AKI development under ICIs in almost one in five patients with cancer. The increased AKI rates in CKD, hypoalbuminemia or RAAS inhibitor use pointed out a need for better onco-nephrology collaboration and efforts to improve the nutritional status of ICI-treated patients. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Anti-Cancer Drugs Wolters Kluwer Health

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Publisher
Wolters Kluwer Health
Copyright
Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
ISSN
0959-4973
eISSN
1473-5741
DOI
10.1097/cad.0000000000001463
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Recent observational studies reported acute kidney injury (AKI) events in over 10% of the patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, these studies included patients treated in high-resource settings and earlier lines. Therefore, we aimed to assess the AKI rates and predisposing factors in ICI-treated patients from a limited resource setting. We evaluated 252 patients with advanced cancer for this retrospective cohort study. AKI events were defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The median age was 59 years. The melanoma (18.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (14.7%) and renal cell carcinoma (22.6%) patients comprised over half of the cohort. During the follow-up, 45 patients (17.9%) had at least one AKI episode. In multivariable analyses, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) [odds ratio (OR), 3.385; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.510–7.588; P = 0.003], hypoalbuminemia (OR, 2.848; 95% CI, 1.225–6.621; P = 0.015) or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor use (OR, 2.236; 95% CI, 1.017–4.919; P = 0.045) had increased AKI risk. There was a trend towards increased AKI risk in patients with diabetes (OR, 2.042; 95% CI, 0.923–4.518; P = 0.78) and regular proton pump inhibitors use (OR, 2.024; 95% CI, 0.947–4.327; P = 0.069). In this study, we observed AKI development under ICIs in almost one in five patients with cancer. The increased AKI rates in CKD, hypoalbuminemia or RAAS inhibitor use pointed out a need for better onco-nephrology collaboration and efforts to improve the nutritional status of ICI-treated patients.

Journal

Anti-Cancer DrugsWolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jul 19, 2023

References